Which of the Following Statements Is True Regarding the Etiology

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is true regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of primary dysmenorrhea?

A) Primary dysmenorrhea is caused by decreased levels of prostaglandins, which cause uterine contractions to increase in strength.
B) Primary dysmenorrhea begins within the first three or four menstrual periods after menarche and will occur with each ovulatory cycle during a woman's teens and twenties.
C) Secondary dysmenorrhea is more common than primary dysmenorrhea.
D) Causes of primary dysmenorrhea include endometriosis, tumors, cysts, pelvic adhesions, pelvic inflammatory disease, infections, cervical stenosis, uterine leiomyomas, and adenomyosis.