A Patient Diagnosed with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Has the Following

Multiple Choice

A patient diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) has the following laboratory values: arterial pH 7.20; serum glucose 500 mg/dL; positive urine glucose and ketones; serum potassium (K⁺) 2 mEq/L; serum sodium (Na⁺) 130 mEq/L. The patient reports that he has been sick with the "flu" for 1 week. What relationship do these values have to his insulin deficiency?

A) Increased glucose use causes the shift of fluid from the intravascular to the intracellular space.
B) Decreased glucose use causes fatty acid use, ketogenesis, metabolic acidosis, and osmotic diuresis.
C) Increased glucose and fatty acids stimulate renal diuresis, electrolyte loss, and metabolic alkalosis.
D) Decreased glucose use results in protein catabolism, tissue wasting, respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte loss.