Question 1

Differentially methylated regions (DMRs)are associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   X-inactivation
B)   genomic imprinting
C)   maternal inheritance
D)   extranuclear inheritance B

Question 2

G and g are dominant and recessive alleles,respectively,for a gene. If a mating of a gg female with a Gg male resulted in offspring that all have the recessive phenotype,this would most likely be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a recessive lethal gene.
B)   a maternal effect gene.
C)   environmental influence on phenotype.
D)   imprinting which results in silencing of the maternal alleles. B

Question 3

Contribution of mitochondria by the sperm cell to the zygote is called

Accepted Answer

A)   heteroplasmy.
B)   paternal leakage.
C)   genomic imprinting.
D)   paternal effect.
E)   endosymbiosis. B

Question 4

Diseases associated with mitochondria mutations in humans are usually

Accepted Answer

A)   paternally inherited.
B)   imprinted.
C)   fatal.
D)   very common.
E)   degenerative.

Question 5

In maternal effect,the ________ of the mother determines the ________ of the offspring.

Accepted Answer

A)   chloroplast; mitochondria
B)   phenotype; genotype
C)   genotype; phenotype
D)   phenotype; sex
E)   methylation; inheritance

Question 6

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the maternal effect?

Accepted Answer

A)   sperm cells
B)   oocytes
C)   nurse cells
D)   placenta

Question 7

With the Igf-2 gene,which chromosome is imprinted and which is expressed?

Accepted Answer

A)   paternal, paternal
B)   paternal, maternal
C)   maternal, paternal
D)   maternal, maternal

Question 8

What is the molecular mechanism for imprinting a gene?

Accepted Answer

A)   acetylation
B)   nitration
C)   phosphorylation
D)   methylation

Question 9

Chlamydomonas was used as the model organism for the study of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   chloroplast inheritance
B)   mitochondrial inheritance
C)   genomic imprinting
D)   methylation of DNA

Question 10

Monoallelic expression is associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   X-inactivation
B)   genomic imprinting
C)   maternal inheritance
D)   extranuclear inheritance

Question 11

Most imprinted genes are silenced.What is one exception to this rule?

Accepted Answer

A)   H19
B)   Igf-2
C)   UBE3A
D)   SNRPN

Question 12

The current molecular explanation for imprinting in mammals involves differential ________ of various DNA regions.

Accepted Answer

A)   phosphorylation
B)   mutations
C)   endosymbiosis
D)   methylation
E)   heteroplasmy

Question 13

Where is extranuclear DNA located in mammalian cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   endoplasmic reticulum
B)   mitochondria
C)   ribosome
D)   plasma membrane

Question 14

The symbiotic relationship of purple bacteria and cyanobacteria with eukaryotic cells was beneficial to both cell types.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The symbiotic relationship where one organism lives inside another species is called

Accepted Answer

A)   endosymbiosis.
B)   genomic imprinting.
C)   cytoplasmic inheritance.
D)   heteroplasmy.
E)   exosymbiosis.

Question 16

The inheritance patterns of genetic material that is not contained in the nucleus of the cell is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   extranuclear inheritance
B)   cytoplasmic inheritance
C)   maternal effect
D)   both extranuclear inheritance and cytoplasmic inheritance

Question 17

Both parents usually imprint the same gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

How is a chloroplast genome similar to a prokaryotic genome?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are both circular.
B)   They both code for all the proteins they need for functioning.
C)   They are both linear.
D)   There is only one chromosome per cell or chloroplast.

Question 19

What controls the coiling of shells in snail offspring?

Accepted Answer

A)   mother's phenotype
B)   father's phenotype
C)   mother's genotype
D)   father's genotype

Question 20

What type of inheritance is observed with extranuclear DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   mendelian inheritance
B)   sex-linked inheritance
C)   paternal inheritance
D)   Inheritance patterns are based on cytoplasmic inheritance.

Exam 6: Extranuclear Inheritance, Imprinting, and Maternal Effect

Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are associated with which of the following?

G and g are dominant and recessive alleles,respectively,for a gene. If a mating of a gg female with a Gg male resulted in offspring that all have the recessive phenotype,this would most likely be an example of