Question 1

Which of the following is a goal of passive range of motion (PROM) exercises?

Accepted Answer

A) Prevent muscle atrophy 
B) Enhance movement of synovial fluid for articular cartilage nutrition 
C) Increase joint range of motion (ROM) and muscle length 
D) Improve muscle performance B

Question 2

Which of the following PROM exercises provides the most flexion of the lumbar spine?

Accepted Answer

A) Single knee to chest 
B) Posterior pelvic tilt with the patient lying supine with hips/knees at 45°/90° 
C) Posterior pelvic tilt with patient lying supine 
D) Double knees to chest D

Question 3

In order to maintain the web space of the hand, it is important to maintain which of the following motions of the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb?

Accepted Answer

A) Adduction and flexion 
B) Abduction and extension 
C) Adduction and extension 
D) Abduction and flexion B

Question 4

The most effective results of continuous passive motion (CPM) can be expected:

Accepted Answer

A) If the device is applied for at least 5 hours per day but its use is delayed for at least 5 days postoperatively. 
B) If the device is applied as early as possible after surgery for at least 4 to 8 hours per day. 
C) If the device is applied immediately after surgery for 1 hour, then on alternate days for 1 hour each time. 
D) If the rate of motion is at least 5 cycles per minute, no matter how many hours per day the device is used.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes ROM exercises?

Accepted Answer

A) Functional excursion of a muscle 
B) Passive or active stretching exercise beyond the available range of movement 
C) Active muscle insufficiency 
D) Passive, assisted, or active movement of a body segment through the available range of motion

Question 6

You are treating a patient with weak hip abductors (muscle grade is 2/5).Which of the following ROM exercises is most appropriate to prevent tightness of the hip adductors and maintain the current level of strength of the hip abductors?

Accepted Answer

A) Perform passive abduction of the hip with the patient positioned in the supine position 
B) Have the patient perform active hip abduction through the available ROM while positioned in the side-lying position 
C) Have the patient perform active hip abduction through the available ROM while positioned in the supine position as you support the weight of the leg 
D) Perform passive abduction of the hip with the patient positioned in the side-lying position

Question 7

Which of the following is a true statement about ROM exercises?

Accepted Answer

A) Passive ROM is synonymous with stretching. 
B) If a joint is hypermobile, PROM exercises are contraindicated. 
C) Passive ROM can be carried out manually or mechanically. 
D) Whenever possible, active-assistive ROM should be performed in positions that eliminate the effect of gravity on the weak muscle that is actively contracting.

Question 8

Which of the following is a contraindication to PROM exercises?

Accepted Answer

A) When movement of a body segment is disruptive to the healing process 
B) Presence of muscle weakness or paralysis 
C) Presence of chronically impaired circulation 
D) When a patient is in a coma

Question 9

You are treating a patient who sustained an anterior dislocation of the glenohumeral joint.When it is permissible for the patient to begin self-assisted or active ROM of the involved shoulder within pain-free ranges, which of the following exercises places the most stress on the anterior aspect of the capsule at the end range of external rotation, therefore posing the greatest risk of re-dislocating the involved shoulder?

Accepted Answer

A) Wand exercises while lying in the supine position with both shoulders abducted to 90° (upper arms supported on the treatment table) and both elbows flexed to 90° 
B) Wand exercises while sitting in a chair or standing, both arms at the patient's sides and elbows flexed to 90° 
C) Self-assisted shoulder ROM guided manually by the sound hand while lying on the sound side and the involved upper arm resting on a pillow placed alongside the chest and the elbow flexed to 90° 
D) Self-assisted shoulder ROM guided manually by the sound hand while the patient is lying in the supine position on a treatment table and the involved arm is at the patient's side, resting on a pillow in slight abduction and flexion and the elbow is flexed to 90°

Question 10

When incorporating functional patterns into ROM interventions, which of the following guidelines is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) PROM should always be performed in anatomical planes of motion to reinforce motor learning. 
B) Mechanical assistance should not be used for assisted ROM because it will reduce motor learning. 
C) Incorporate the functional movement into the patient's daily activities once the pattern can be performed safely and correctly, without assistance or compensation. 
D) Patients with visual impairments should always perform ROM in anatomical planes, avoiding functional patterns, so that joint alignment is maintained.

Question 11

The most effective and safe way to perform passive pronation and supination of the forearm is to:

Accepted Answer

A) Grasp the patient's hand around the metacarpals and perform ROM while maintaining the elbow in extension. 
B) Grasp the patient's forearm just proximal of the wrist and perform ROM while maintaining the elbow in extension. 
C) Grasp the patient's forearm just proximal of the wrist and perform ROM while maintaining the elbow in flexion. 
D) Grasp the patient's hand around the metacarpals and perform ROM while maintaining the elbow in flexion.

Question 12

Mr.J underwent a repair of a torn biceps brachii 2 days ago.During PROM exercises, which combination of motions should you avoid at end range to protect (not disrupt) the healing tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) Elbow extension, shoulder extension, forearm supination 
B) Elbow extension, shoulder flexion, forearm pronation 
C) Elbow extension, shoulder flexion, forearm supination 
D) Elbow extension, shoulder extension, forearm pronation

Question 13

During ROM of the cervical spine:

Accepted Answer

A) Avoid grasping the jaw. 
B) Avoid extension past neutral (i.e., hyperextension). 
C) Perform ROM while the patient is in an upright position (seated or standing). 
D) Never combine flexion with rotation.

Question 14

All of the following can cause impaired range of motion (ROM) except:

Accepted Answer

A) Early movement after surgery. 
B) Muscle imbalance and disuse. 
C) Neurological injury. 
D) Systemic inflammatory disease.

Question 15

During active ROM exercises, which of the following structures is most elongated with full active extension and ulnar deviation of the wrist if the fingers remain relaxed?

Accepted Answer

A) Flexor carpi ulnaris 
B) Flexor carpi radialis 
C) Flexor digitorum profundus 
D) Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 16

During your examination of a patient's lower extremity, you have identified tightness of the gastrocnemius muscle.You are teaching a patient to perform self-ROM exercises of the ankle.In order to maintain the gastrocnemius in a relaxed position while moving the ankle into full range of dorsiflexion available, the patient should:

Accepted Answer

A) Actively extend the toes. 
B) Keep the knee extended. 
C) Actively flex the toes. 
D) Keep the knee flexed.

Exam 3: Range of Motion