In Which of the Following Cases Are Late-Mover Advantages (Or

Multiple Choice

In which of the following cases are late-mover advantages (or first-mover disadvantages) NOT likely to arise?

A) when the costs of pioneering are much higher than being a follower and only negligible learning/experience benefits accrue to the pioneer
B) when the marketplace is skeptical about the benefits of a new technology or product being pioneered by a first-mover
C) when the pioneer's products are somewhat primitive and are easily bested by late movers
D) when opportunities exist for a blue-ocean strategy to invent a new industry or distinctive market segment that creates altogether new demand
E) when technological change is rapid and fast-following rivals find it easy to leapfrog the pioneer with next-generation products of their own