Sophia Is in the Fifth Grade and Lives in One

Multiple Choice

Sophia is in the fifth grade and lives in one of the most impoverished areas in the state.She has a history of academic failure, although she is very sensitive to teacher expectations.Her teachers have noticed that she responds best when candy is offered as an incentive instead of verbal praise.Sophia's IQ is 65.She is most likely a victim of

A) organic retardation.
B) cultural-familial retardation.
C) vitamin-deficiency retardation.
D) profound mental retardation.