Indicate the CORRECT Statement Among the Following

Multiple Choice

Indicate the CORRECT statement among the following.

A) The concept of causality is simplistic in nature.
B) If X causes Y, Y is certain to happen given that X occurs.
C) Given that X causes Y, it is possible that X may not be the sole cause of Y.
D) If X occurs before Y, then X is the sole cause of Y.
E) Causal designs are effective for generating initial hypotheses about relationships between variables.