How Does a Child Raised in the City Learn to Fear

Multiple Choice

How does a child raised in the city learn to fear snakes and respond emotionally to mere pictures of them?

A) The child was told repeatedly that "snakes are dangerous."
B) The child observed others reacting forcefully to the word snake or to snake images on television.
C) The child, like all humans, has an innate fear of snakes and other reptiles.
D) The child has been bitten by other animals and generalizes this fear to all animals, including snakes.