The Sample Standard Deviation Is a Biased Estimator of the Population

Multiple Choice

The sample standard deviation is a biased estimator of the population standard deviation. When using sample means as estimators, we correct for bias in the formula for finding confidence intervals by________.

A) using N - 1 rather than N.
B) using N rather than N - 1.
C) using s rather than Z.
D) squaring the value of Z.