Spurious or Intervening Relationships Among Variables Are Indicated by a Pattern

Multiple Choice

Spurious or intervening relationships among variables are indicated by a pattern of outcomes in which the bivariate relationship is the same across all partial tables and________.

A) the same as in the original bivariate table.
B) much weaker than in the bivariate table.
C) much stronger than in the bivariate table.
D) the variables are not associated in the bivariate table.