Those Before Helmholtz Who Believed in Animal Spirits,or a Vital

Multiple Choice

Those before Helmholtz who believed in animal spirits,or a vital force,believed that:

A) measuring the speed of nerve conduction was impossible
B) measuring the speed of nerve conduction may be possible in the future when better technology becomes available
C) science could not study human life empirically
D) life could be explained by the interactions of physical and chemical processes alone