Question 1

How are sexuality, sex, and gender related to each other? What are the differences among these three analytical concepts?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How are sexuality, sex, and gender related...

Question 2

Transvestism, when members of one gender (usually male) dress as another (female), is

Accepted Answer

A) very common in Brazil, given the country's general acceptance of alternative gender roles. 
B) an example of the biological basis of sexual expression. 
C) evidence of the cultural limits in determining gender roles. 
D) perhaps the most common way of forming genders alternative to male and female. 
E) increasingly popular among gay men in Brazil.

Question 3

Contrast gender roles in two of the following: A) foraging societies; B) matrilineal-matrilocal societies; C) patrilineal-patrilocal societies; D) pastoralists; and E) agriculturalists.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Contrast gender roles in two of the...

Question 4

According to anthropologist Ann Stoler, the economic determinants of gender status include

Accepted Answer

A) the level of interest rates and the price of oil. 
B) controlling one's own and others' tendency toward overconsumption. 
C) free will and overcoming ideas that associate sin with the desires of the flesh. 
D) free will and overcoming ideas that split the mind and body. 
E) freedom or autonomy in terms of disposing of one's labor and its fruits, and social power: control over the lives, labor, and produce of others.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about groups with the patrilineal-patrilocal complex is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) They are sometimes characterized by a view that females are dangerous and polluting. 
B) Their land and prestige are passed through the females. 
C) They have strongly developed private-public dichotomies. 
D) They have their prestige goods under male control. 
E) They often practice polygyny and have patterns of intervillage raiding.

Question 6

The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex are known as

Accepted Answer

A) gender stereotypes. 
B) the prestige coefficient. 
C) sexual ascribed status. 
D) gender roles. 
E) sex roles.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) The feminization of poverty is unique to the United States. 
B) Households headed by women tend to be poorer than those headed by men. 
C) Married couples are much more secure economically than single mothers. 
D) Women now head more than half the households in the United States. 
E) The feminization of poverty has serious consequences with regard to living standards and health.

Question 8

Among horticulturalists with matrilineal descent and matrilocality,

Accepted Answer

A) women tend to have high status, but only within the domestic sphere. 
B) gender and sex become indistinguishable. 
C) female status tends to be high. 
D) women rarely inherit any property and are therefore at a disadvantage in comparison to their brothers. 
E) women leaders are only symbolic, because men tend to have true decision-making power.

Question 9

Domestic violence against women is prevalent in patrilineal-patrilocal systems in which women are cut off from their supportive kin ties.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Gender stratification tends to be extremely pronounced in patrilineal-patrilocal societies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

If a patriarchy is a political system ruled by men, what would a matriarchy be-a political system ruled by women? Anthropologist Peggy Sanday, who investigated these questions among the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, found that

Accepted Answer

A) true matriarchies do not exist. 
B) women in matriarchies see their male counterparts as being inferior. 
C) women of newer generations are experimenting with new ideas of gender roles. 
D) although matriarchies do exist, they are not mirror images of patriarchies because, at least for the Minangkabau, both men and women are seen as cooperative partners for the common good. 
E) although Minangkabau women play a central role in their culture's social, economic, and ceremonial life, they are still regarded as having lower status than men.

Question 12

With the term sex, anthropologists are referring to biological differences.In contrast, they define gender as

Accepted Answer

A) the cultural construction of whether one is female, male, or something else. 
B) a political system ruled by men that defines the identity of women. 
C) the tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex. 
D) the marked differences in male and female biology, which vary across cultures. 
E) one's biological identity.

Question 13

Ethnographic evidence has revealed that traditionally, Pawnee women worked wood, and among the Hidatsa, women made boats.Cases such as these suggest that

Accepted Answer

A) the division of labor by gender is a natural characteristic of human societies. 
B) biology has nothing to do with gender roles. 
C) anthropologists are overly optimistic about finding a society with perfect gender equality. 
D) patterns of division of labor by gender are culturally general-not universal. 
E) exceptions to cross-cultural generalization are actually the rule.

Question 14

Gender roles are the instinctual behaviors that are the exclusive domain of each sex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Adding together men's and women's subsistence activities and their domestic work, men tend to work more hours than women do.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Among societies exhibiting the patrilineal-patrilocal complex in highland Papua New Guinea,

Accepted Answer

A) women remain the primary producers of subsistence crops. 
B) women govern the extra-domestic distribution of prestige items. 
C) women fear contacts, including sexual intercourse, with men. 
D) polygyny decreases household productivity, because a man must provide for more than one wife. 
E) the population pressure on strategic resources is relaxed.

Question 17

Intersex, a group of conditions involving discrepancy between external genitals and internal genitals, can have a variety of chromosomal causes that create a sex-gender difference.Which of the following chromosomal anomalies identifies a person with the chromosomes of a woman and female internal anatomy, but with male external genitals?

Accepted Answer

A) XY Intersex person 
B) True Gonadal Intersex person 
C) Klinefelter's syndrome (XXY configuration) 
D) XX Intersex person 
E) Turner syndrome

Question 18

"Transgender" and "XX Intersex" are interchangeable terms referring to individuals with external genitals that are incompletely formed, ambiguous, or female.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The domestic-public dichotomy refers to the separation of

Accepted Answer

A) spheres of exchange. 
B) secular and sacred domains. 
C) the elite and commoners. 
D) home and the outside world. 
E) cooking and sleeping spaces in residential units.

Question 20

Recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrate that

Accepted Answer

A) the gender roles of men and women are largely determined by their biological capabilities-relative strength, endurance, intelligence, and so on. 
B) women are subservient in nearly all societies, because their subsistence activities contribute much less to the total diet than do those of men. 
C) foraging, horticultural, pastoral, and industrial societies all have similar attitudes toward sex but different attitudes toward gender. 
D) changes in the gender roles of men and women are usually associated with social decay and anarchy. 
E) the relative status of women is variable, depending on such factors as the type of subsistence strategy employed, the importance of warfare, and the prevalence of a domestic-public dichotomy.

Exam 9: Gender

How are sexuality, sex, and gender related to each other? What are the differences among these three analytical concepts?

Transvestism, when members of one gender (usually male) dress as another (female) , is

Contrast gender roles in two of the following: A) foraging societies; B) matrilineal-matrilocal societies; C) patrilineal-patrilocal societies; D) pastoralists; and E) agriculturalists.

According to anthropologist Ann Stoler, the economic determinants of gender status include

Which of the following statements about groups with the patrilineal-patrilocal complex is NOT true?

The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex are known as

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Among horticulturalists with matrilineal descent and matrilocality,

Domestic violence against women is prevalent in patrilineal-patrilocal systems in which women are cut off from their supportive kin ties.

Gender stratification tends to be extremely pronounced in patrilineal-patrilocal societies.

If a patriarchy is a political system ruled by men, what would a matriarchy be-a political system ruled by women? Anthropologist Peggy Sanday, who investigated these questions among the Minangkabau of West Sumatra, found that

With the term sex, anthropologists are referring to biological differences.In contrast, they define gender as

Ethnographic evidence has revealed that traditionally, Pawnee women worked wood, and among the Hidatsa, women made boats.Cases such as these suggest that

Gender roles are the instinctual behaviors that are the exclusive domain of each sex.

Adding together men's and women's subsistence activities and their domestic work, men tend to work more hours than women do.

Among societies exhibiting the patrilineal-patrilocal complex in highland Papua New Guinea,

"Transgender" and "XX Intersex" are interchangeable terms referring to individuals with external genitals that are incompletely formed, ambiguous, or female.

The domestic-public dichotomy refers to the separation of

Recent cross-cultural studies of gender roles demonstrate that