Teja Tscharntke's Studies of the Food Web Associated with Phragmites

Multiple Choice

Teja Tscharntke's studies of the food web associated with Phragmites reeds revealed that

A) only a single parasitoid species can persist exploiting a single species of herbivore.
B) only a single herbivore species can persist attacking a single species of plant.
C) predation by birds actually protects herbivores, because the birds feed on parasitoid-infested herbivore galls but not uninfested galls.
D) within local food webs, all interactions tend to be of roughly the same strength.
E) recognizing variation in interaction strength can greatly simplify the depiction of a food web.