Someone Sees a Strange-Looking Flying Object

Multiple Choice

Someone sees a strange-looking flying object. It might be a white pelican, or it might be a UFO from outer space. The viewer decides that it is a UFO. Assuming that it really was a pelican, which mistake of reasoning has the viewer made?

A) failure to use the availability heuristic
B) failure to use the representativeness heuristic
C) failure to consider base-rate information
D) failure to use a cognitive map