Surveys Find That Married People Report Being Happier, on the Average

Multiple Choice

Surveys find that married people report being happier, on the average, than unmarried people. What conclusion, if any, do these results justify?

A) Marriage generally helps people to become happy or stay happy.
B) Happy people are more likely than unhappy people to get married.
C) People of certain ages and backgrounds are more likely than other people to get married and to be happy.
D) These results do not support any cause-and-effect conclusion.