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Cyanohydrins are important intermediates in the synthesis of -hydroxycarboxylic acids from ketones and aldehydes. The nitrile functional group can be hydrolyzed by aqueous acid to yield a carboxylic acid. Nitriles can also be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids using aqueous base. When a cyanohydrin is treated with aqueous base, however, the original carbonyl compound is isolated.
-Refer to instructions. Identify the electrophile and nucloephile in the reaction of benzaldehyde with hydrogen cyanide.
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