Professor Clifton Has Designed an Experiment to Study the Effects

Multiple Choice

Professor Clifton has designed an experiment to study the effects of caffeine on memory.However,she has informed her participants that she is investigating the taste preferences of caffeine drinks.Professor Clifton has:

A) used deception,but this is ethically acceptable if it does not harm the participants.
B) used deception,but this is ethically acceptable if the participants are over the age of 18 years.
C) lied to participants,which is considered ethically unacceptable.
D) distorted the truth,but this is ethically acceptable because she will gather information about their taste preferences.