In the One Factor (APT) Model, the Characteristic Line to Estimate

Multiple Choice

In the one factor (APT) model, the characteristic line to estimate $\beta$ i passes through the origin, unlike the estimate used in the CAPM because:

A) the relationship is between the actual return on a security and the market index.
B) the relationship measures the change in the security return over time versus the change in the market return.
C) the relationship measures the change in excess return on a security versus GNP.
D) the relationship measures the change in excess return on a security versus the return on the factor about its mean of zero.
E) Cannot be determined without actual data.