In Sickle Cell Hemoglobin, a Glu Is Mutated to a _______

Multiple Choice

In sickle cell hemoglobin, a Glu is mutated to a _______. This causes the formation of _______ between hemoglobin molecules, ultimately forming large aggregates.

A) Arg; salt bridges
B) Cys; disulfide bonds
C) Val; hydrophobic interactions
D) Pro; disrupted $\alpha$ -helix, resulting in several H-bonds and salt bridges
E) none of the above