Which of the Following Is True of Goal Congruence

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true of goal congruence?

A) The alignment of managerial and organizational goals is often referred to as goal congruence.
B) Goal congruence occurs when a manager takes actions that improve budgetary performance in the short run but bring long-run harm to the firm.
C) Participative budgeting usually results in a lower goal congruence..
D) Goal congruence occurs when top management has total control of the budgeting process, allowing only superficial participation from lower-level managers.
E) An ideal budgetary system fails to achieve complete goal congruence and, simultaneously, leads to negative behavior.