A Patient Receiving Continuous Mandatory Ventilation in the Assist-Control Mode

Multiple Choice

A patient receiving continuous mandatory ventilation in the assist-control mode develops auto-PEEP. Which of the following general approaches would you consider to minimize the effects of auto-PEEP in this patient?
1) Increasing expiratory time
2) Applying PEEP
3) Switching ventilating mode to synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation

A) 1 and 2 only
B) 1 and 3 only
C) 2 and 3 only
D) 1, 2, and 3