Sometimes a Researcher May Find It Necessary to Go Against

Multiple Choice

Sometimes a researcher may find it necessary to go against the ethical norms of informed consent and voluntary participation.Which of the following would NOT be considered one of these times?

A) when it would be impossible or unfeasible to obtain permission
B) when the researcher feels his or her presence may disrupt the behavior under investigation
C) when the researcher's subjects are underage, incarcerated, or pregnant
D) when it is thought that voluntary participation could introduce bias into the investigation