Using Correlational Studies, Psychologists Have Studied Whether Exposure to Violence

Multiple Choice

Using correlational studies, psychologists have studied whether exposure to violence in the media leads to violent behaviour. They have found that participants who have been exposed to more violence in the media are, in general, more violent. It is not clear from such research which one causes the other. The problem in interpreting these results involves:

A) directionality
B) selection bias
C) sampling error
D) confounds