Simpson's Paradox Refers to the Fact That

Multiple Choice

Simpson's paradox refers to the fact that

A) the direction of an association can reverse when we separate the data by the values of a third variable.
B) high correlation may not involve any cause-and-effect link between the variables.
C) the mean of a group of observations can be larger than all but one or two of the observations.
D) variables with a very strong curved relationship can have a correlation near zero.