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A Paint Manufacturer Fills Cans of Paint Using a Machine

Question 13

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A paint manufacturer fills cans of paint using a machine that has been calibrated to fill the cans to contain an average of 1 gallon (128 ounces) each. To test whether their machine has come out of calibration, the manufacturer takes a random sample of 25 cans and finds that they average 128.2 ounces with a standard deviation of 2 ounces. Is this strong evidence that the filling machine is set too high and thus is no longer calibrated properly?
Based on the P-value for a significance test in this situation, we should conclude


A) the null hypothesis provides a reasonable explanation of the data.
B) the alternative hypothesis provides a reasonable explanation of the data.
C) we should reject the null hypothesis at significance level 0.05.
D) the alternative hypothesis provides a reasonable explanation of the data, and we should reject the null hypothesis at significance level 0.05.

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