Concepts,ideas,opinions,feelings,and Other Intangible Entities Are Often Labeled as "Insubstantial Phenomena

Essay

Concepts,ideas,opinions,feelings,and other intangible entities are often labeled as "insubstantial phenomena." Select one of the following 3 phenomena that would be considered insubstantial,and explain two different ways - one qualitative and one quantitative - that you might measure it: a)the closeness of undergraduates' social network friends; b)the "campus climate" at your university; c)"irrational exuberance" about the stock market.