Which Scenario Indicates That a Research Study Has Been Confounded

Multiple Choice

Which scenario indicates that a research study has been confounded?

A) If the experimenter's interpretation of the data has not been supported.
B) If participants do not respond in the way the experimenter has expected.
C) If a participant's behaviour has resulted solely because of the independent variable.
D) If a variable other than the independent variable has influenced a participant's behaviour.