Which Psychologist Is Most Closely Associated with the Hierarchical Model

Multiple Choice

Which psychologist is most closely associated with the hierarchical model of intelligence, and why?

A) Gardner; he posited a large number of relatively independent types of intelligence.
B) Sternberg; he proposed several different types of intelligence.
C) Binet; he suggested that intelligence is essentially a unitary ability.
D) Spearman; he proposed that intelligence comprises both general and specific abilities.