In an Experiment, a Dog Undergoes 20 Trials in Which

Multiple Choice

In an experiment, a dog undergoes 20 trials in which he hears a tone and gets meat powder in various combinations. On 18 of the trials, he gets a tone and meat powder; on one trial, he gets a tone and no meat powder; and on one trial, he gets meat powder and no tone. What is true of this situation?

A) There is a contingency between the sound of tone and meat powder.
B) There is a contingency between the CS and the UR.
C) There is a negative contingency.
D) There is no contingency.