Question 1

Identify the seven traits that define rational social organization,according to Max Weber.

Accepted Answer

Max Weber identified seven traits that define rational social organization. These traits are:

1. Specialization and division of labor: Rational social organizations divide tasks and responsibilities among members based on their skills and expertise.

2. Hierarchy of authority: Rational social organizations have a clear chain of command and authority structure, with decision-making power concentrated at the top.

3. Rules and regulations: Rational social organizations operate according to established rules and regulations that govern behavior and decision-making processes.

4. Impersonality: Rational social organizations treat individuals based on their roles and responsibilities, rather than personal relationships or favoritism.

5. Career orientation: Rational social organizations provide opportunities for career advancement and professional development based on merit and performance.

6. Efficiency and effectiveness: Rational social organizations prioritize efficiency and effectiveness in achieving their goals and objectives.

7. Calculability: Rational social organizations use quantitative measures and data to evaluate performance and make decisions, rather than relying solely on subjective judgments.

Question 2

The driving force of social change,according to Marx,is:

Accepted Answer

A) advancing technology. 
B) social conflict between classes. 
C) dominant ideas. 
D) the way in which society is held together. B

Question 3

The first type of society to generate a material surplus is:

Accepted Answer

A) hunting and gathering. 
B) horticultural and pastoral. 
C) agrarian. 
D) industrial. B

Question 4

It would be correct to say that Durkheim thought of society as:

Accepted Answer

A) existing only in the human mind. 
B) an objective reality. 
C) changing from moment to moment. 
D) having no clear existence at all.

Question 5

Gerhard Lenski claimed that which of the following has the greatest power to shape a society?

Accepted Answer

A) technology 
B) human ideas 
C) social conflict 
D) human desire for change

Question 6

Gerhard Lenski claims that the development of more complex technology:

Accepted Answer

A) is entirely positive. 
B) has both positive and negative effects. 
C) is entirely negative in its effect. 
D) has no effect on the quality of human life.

Question 7

Huge empires-such as the Roman Empire that included tens of millions of people and several million square miles-were based on agrarian technology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Karl Marx considered capitalism to be _____,but Max Weber argued that capitalism was very _____.

Accepted Answer

A) irrational;rational 
B) rational;irrational 
C) unproductive;productive 
D) productive;unproductive

Question 9

The birth of the discipline of sociology took place during the development of which type of society?

Accepted Answer

A) pastoral 
B) horticultural 
C) industrial 
D) agrarian

Question 10

Hunting and gathering societies generate a productive surplus.

Accepted Answer