How Can Arthropods Maintain a High Metabolism Despite the Absence

Multiple Choice

How can arthropods maintain a high metabolism despite the absence of a closed circulatory system?

A) In species with wings, the beating of the wings moves air across their tissues, thus acting analogously to a heart pumping blood through vessels.
B) They do not use their circulatory system for gas exchange.
C) They have small tubes throughout their bodies bring air from the outside to the tissues.
D) Both b and c
E) None of the above