Which of the Following Statements Is INCORRECT

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A) The method of computing a stock's present value by its expected payoff using the actual probabilities is known as martingale pricing.
B) A martingale is a stochastic process X(t) whose time t value equals its expected value X(T) at some later date T.
C) Martingales are associated with "fair gambles" because what you have today is what you expect to have tomorrow.
D) In finance,martingales are used to price derivatives in a framework that allows no arbitrage opportunities.
E) The probabilities we use in martingale pricing are pseudo-probabilities and not the actual probabilities.