Cindi and Beth Are Participants in a Research Study That

Multiple Choice

Cindi and Beth are participants in a research study that involves taking a difficult math test. Cindi is told that scores on the math test usually reflect gender differences, while Beth is told that scores on the math test usually do not reflect gender differences. Cindi and Beth's math scores will be compared to the scores of male students taking the same test. Based on Claude Steele's research, what would you predict about Cindi and Beth's scores on the math test?

A) Because of stereotype threat, Cindi will score lower than the male students, but Beth's score will score about the same as the male students.
B) Because of stereotype lift, Beth will score lower than the male students, but Cindi will score about the same as the male students.
C) Because of stereotype lift, Beth's and Cindi's scores will be about the same as the male students'.
D) Because of stereotype threat, Cindi will score higher than the male students, but Beth will score lower than the male students.