Professor Williams Is Investigating Loneliness

Multiple Choice

Professor Williams is investigating loneliness. Participants in her study complete the UCLA Loneliness Scale to measure their levels of loneliness. They also answer questions on a survey about many aspects of their personal lives. In analyzing the results of her study, Professor Williams finds that as the number of friends increases, the level of loneliness tends to decrease. This represents a _____ correlation.

A) positive
B) negative
C) spurious
D) cause-and-effect