If Sphericity Is Not Assumed, What Needs to Be Adjusted

Multiple Choice

If sphericity is not assumed, what needs to be adjusted to account for the violation and what impact does it have on the F-ratio?

A) The degrees of freedom need to be adjusted, which makes the F-ratio more conservative to protect against Type I error
B) The degrees of freedom need to be adjusted, which makes the F-ratio more liberal to protect against Type II error
C) The mean sum of squares needs to be adjusted, which makes the F-ratio more conservative to protect against Type I error
D) The mean sum of squares needs to be adjusted, which makes the F-ratio more liberal to protect against Type II error