Question 1

Why have sociologists,at times,been critical of Jonathan Kozol's findings on public schools in his work Savage Inequalities?

Accepted Answer

A)   Schools are not integral to the functioning of society and are,therefore,not worthy of empirical study.
B)   Young students cannot be trusted as respondents for sociological studies.
C)   Poor students are likely to lie about their educational experiences to fit into normative constructions of what it means to be educated.
D)   He had no systematic way in which he chose the schools he studied,which allowed for selection bias. D

Question 2

Contrary to Karl Marx,Max Weber believed that __________ was the source of the capitalistic outlook found in the modern West.

Accepted Answer

A)   Buddhism
B)   Protestantism
C)   materialism
D)   Confucianism B

Question 3

According to the textbook,why was education so rapidly expanded with the development of capitalism in the opinion of Marxist sociologists?

Accepted Answer

A)   Working people fought for universal education to improve their condition.
B)   Employers needed certain personality characteristics in their workers-self-discipline,dependability,punctuality,obedience,and the like-and these are all taught in schools.
C)   The state came to compete with the church as the agent of education.
D)   Enlightenment values demanded an equal access to a good and stable education. B

Question 4

Kristine believes that as a Christian,she belongs to a group of people who are destined to bring the United States under God's rule as a Christian country.Her ideas are a form of:

Accepted Answer

A)   secularism
B)   humanism
C)   religious nationalism
D)   Marxism

Question 5

Why did Émile Durkheim believe that religion was useful for human societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Durkheim felt that religions allowed our desires to be expressed in totems and repressed our baser instincts.
B)   Durkheim held that religion ties communities together through a common belief in divine judgment.
C)   Durkheim argued that religion has the function of cohering a society by ensuring that people meet regularly to affirm common beliefs and values.
D)   Religion,according to Durkheim,allows the strong to assert ideological power over the weak,which leads to societal advancement and evolution.

Question 6

Why do religious economists believe that competition among secular viewpoints and many religions leads to increased participation in religion in modern societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Competition makes each religious group try harder to win followers,and the presence of numerous religions means that there is likely to be something for just about everyone.
B)   Competition against secularism has shown that religious viewpoints have better explanatory power for life's basic problems.
C)   Religions that see themselves as in competition with one another are more likely to evolve into secular-style beliefs.
D)   Modern societies need multiple religions competing for the economy to function,providing untaxed incentives for belief.

Question 7

The religious grouping that Juana belongs to was once primarily a smaller protest group of another larger religious organization,but now it has become institutionalized and no longer functions as a protest group.Sociologists would likely refer to this as a:

Accepted Answer

A)   church
B)   sect
C)   denomination
D)   cult

Question 8

Describe the recent policy proposals enacted to reform education in the United States.What is your assessment of these policies?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the recent policy proposals enacted to...

Question 9

Jezebel thinks that religions are typified by their tendency to treat some objects as supernatural,mystical,and awe-inspiring and others as just part of everyday life.The supernatural objects are then treated with ritual and veneration.Her view most closely resembles that of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Émile Durkheim
B)   Wade Clark Roof
C)   Karl Marx
D)   Max Weber

Question 10

Why was Karl Marx critical of religion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Marx believed that religion defers happiness and rewards to the afterlife and teaches the resigned acceptance of existing conditions in the earthly life.
B)   Marx felt that religions explained existence but provided no explanations for societal advancement.
C)   Marx believed that the world's economies were mere reflections of their respective religions.
D)   Marx thought that religion influenced humans to think more in terms of philosophy instead of hard science.

Question 11

Sociologists consider religion all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   the primary source of ethnic and racial hatred
B)   a source of society's beliefs
C)   a source of society's norms
D)   a source of society's values

Question 12

Adhira thinks that religion serves a function in society by cohering social groups under some common ideas and morals.Her views most closely resemble those of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Émile Durkheim
B)   Wade Clark Roof
C)   Karl Marx
D)   Max Weber

Question 13

Cantong notes in his research that often religion serves as a progressive force for social change.His views most closely resemble those of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Émile Durkheim
B)   Wade Clark Roof
C)   Karl Marx
D)   Max Weber

Question 14

Today,around __________ of the population 15 years and older in developing countries is illiterate.

Accepted Answer

A)   2 percent
B)   20 percent
C)   40 percent
D)   70 percent

Question 15

What are some of the reasons why Americans are so religiously affiliated,according to the textbook?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some of the reasons why...

Question 16

Compulsory schooling was established in Europe and the United States:

Accepted Answer

A)   in the 17h century
B)   in the 18th century
C)   in the 19th century
D)   in the 20th century

Question 17

Chang thinks that students in school largely learn to become obedient and diligent workers despite any formal lessons they might be taught.Sociologists call this the:

Accepted Answer

A)   three Rs
B)   school of hard knocks
C)   critical-thinking lessons
D)   hidden curriculum

Question 18

The linking of strongly held religious convictions with beliefs about a people's social and political destiny is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   a Fatwa
B)   religious nationalism
C)   fundamentalism
D)   ecumenicalism

Question 19

Why is education considered a social institution?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is education considered a social institution?...

Question 20

Luis believes that it is the responsibility of Christians and the Catholic Church to be activists and advocates for the poor.This idea is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   Christian fundamentalism
B)   humanism
C)   religious nationalism
D)   liberation theology

Exam 12: Education and Religion

Why have sociologists,at times,been critical of Jonathan Kozol's findings on public schools in his work Savage Inequalities?

Contrary to Karl Marx,Max Weber believed that __________ was the source of the capitalistic outlook found in the modern West.

According to the textbook,why was education so rapidly expanded with the development of capitalism in the opinion of Marxist sociologists?

Kristine believes that as a Christian,she belongs to a group of people who are destined to bring the United States under God's rule as a Christian country.Her ideas are a form of:

Why did Émile Durkheim believe that religion was useful for human societies?

Why do religious economists believe that competition among secular viewpoints and many religions leads to increased participation in religion in modern societies?

The religious grouping that Juana belongs to was once primarily a smaller protest group of another larger religious organization,but now it has become institutionalized and no longer functions as a protest group.Sociologists would likely refer to this as a:

Describe the recent policy proposals enacted to reform education in the United States.What is your assessment of these policies?

Jezebel thinks that religions are typified by their tendency to treat some objects as supernatural,mystical,and awe-inspiring and others as just part of everyday life.The supernatural objects are then treated with ritual and veneration.Her view most closely resembles that of:

Why was Karl Marx critical of religion?

Sociologists consider religion all of the following EXCEPT:

Adhira thinks that religion serves a function in society by cohering social groups under some common ideas and morals.Her views most closely resemble those of:

Cantong notes in his research that often religion serves as a progressive force for social change.His views most closely resemble those of:

Today,around __________ of the population 15 years and older in developing countries is illiterate.

What are some of the reasons why Americans are so religiously affiliated,according to the textbook?

Compulsory schooling was established in Europe and the United States:

Chang thinks that students in school largely learn to become obedient and diligent workers despite any formal lessons they might be taught.Sociologists call this the:

The linking of strongly held religious convictions with beliefs about a people's social and political destiny is called:

Why is education considered a social institution?

Luis believes that it is the responsibility of Christians and the Catholic Church to be activists and advocates for the poor.This idea is referred to as: