Judging by the Previous Strategies Followed by the Tang and Song

Multiple Choice

Judging by the previous strategies followed by the Tang and Song emperors of China in dealing with northern barbarians, when faced with the Mongol threat, one would have expected the Song to resort to

A) seeking military assistance from the caliphs at Baghdad.
B) recruiting a powerful army of mercenaries to defend their realm.
C) relying on Japanese samurai to ward off the Mongol threat.
D) playing off another steppe land ally against the Mongols.
E) retreating farther south into China.