A 52-Year-Old Woman Who Was Diagnosed with Pulmonary Emphysema 7

Multiple Choice

A 52-year-old woman who was diagnosed with pulmonary emphysema 7 years ago and who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day is brought to the emergency department.She complains of having the flu 2 weeks earlier and that her breathing has become more difficult since then.Her pulmonary function test reveals the following results:
$\begin{array}{llll} & \text { Predicted } & \text { Actual } & \text { Percent of Predicted } \\\mathrm{FVC}_{} & 4.67 \mathrm{~L} & 4.00 \mathrm{~L} & 86 \% \\\mathrm{FEV}_{1} & 3.52 \mathrm{~L} & 1.23 \mathrm{~L} & 35 \% \\\mathrm{FEV}_{1} / \mathrm{FVC} & \text { More than } 75 \% & 31 \% & -\end{array}$
(A value equal to or greater than 80% of the predicted value is considered normal.)
What condition do these pulmonary function results suggest?

A) Obstructive
B) Restrictive
C) Mixed
D) Neuromuscular disease