The Electrical Component of an Electrochemical Gradient Is Due To

Multiple Choice

The electrical component of an electrochemical gradient is due to:

A) the use of ATP as an energy source to drive primary transport.
B) a greater concentration of positive charges on the side of the membrane with the lowest concentration of protons.
C) a higher pH on the side of the membrane with the highest concentration of protons.
D) a higher pH on the side of the membrane with the lowest concentration of protons.
E) a greater concentration of positive charges on the side of the membrane with the highest concentration of protons.