Deck 7: Leader-Member Exchange and Followership

Question 1

According to LMX Theory,within the same work group,the quality of each dyadic relationship will likely be the same between followers of the same leader.

Answer 1

False
Explanation:LMX theory suggests all the relationships vary.

Question 2

The basis of LMX theory is that leaders or superiors interact with all followers equally.

Answer 2

False
Explanation:Leaders selectively distribute resources.

Question 3

According to LMX theory,both the leader and the follower influence the relationship that ensues between them.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Ingratiation is the effort to appear supportive,appreciative,and respectful.

Question 5

The narrower the leader's span of control and the fewer resources the leader has,the greater is the disparity in the quality of LMX.

Question 6

The out-group includes followers with strong social ties to their leader in a supportive relationship characterized by high mutual trust,respect,loyalty,and influence.

Question 7

The in-group includes followers with few or no social ties to their leader,in a strictly task-centered relationship characterized by low exchange and top-down influence.

Question 8

Two factors influence LMX relationships: the role of the leader and the role of the follower.

Question 9

Because John is trying to project a favorable image in order to improve a long-term relationship with his leader,he is using ingratiation.

Question 10

The focus of LMX theory is on the quality of the dyadic exchange that develops between leaders and followers.

Question 11

Dyadic refers to the individualized relationship between a leader and each follower in a work unit.

Question 12

A Leader offers support,feedback,and consideration to an in-group member,and,in turn,the follower is often willing to go the extra mile for the leader.

Question 13

A leader's control over outcomes that are desirable to followers increases the leader's reward power.

Question 14

The underlying assumption of LMX theory is that leaders or superiors have limited amounts of social,personal,and organizational resources,and as a result tend to distribute them among followers selectively.

Question 15

According to LMX Theory,a leader varies his or her behavior as a result of the quality of interpersonal relationships with each individual follower.

Question 16

The difference between traditional leadership theories and LMX is traditional theories focus primarily on the leader instead of the followers' roles.

Question 17

Leaders mostly use reward,legitimate,and coercive power to influence out-group members.

Question 18

Proactive followers use ingratiation,self-efficacy,and impression management to form positive relationships with their leaders.

Question 19

Researchers have identified two kinds of motives associated with follower feedback-seeking behavior: performance-driven motive and self-promotion-driven motive.

Question 20

Central to LMX theory is the assumption the leaders or superiors have unlimited amount of resources.

Question 21

A strength of LMX Theory is the inherent bias in favor of in-group members.

Question 22

The conformist follower is someone who is low on involvement yet is high on critical thinking.

Question 23

The pragmatic follower is high on critical thinking and involvement.

Question 24

Differences in the level of education and experience can impact the relationship among followers,and between leaders and followers.

Question 25

Effective followers have the courage to initiate change and put themselves at risk or in conflict with others,even their leaders.

Question 26

People with an internal locus of control believe that they are "masters of their own destiny" and can influence people and events in their workplace.

Question 27

When challenging a leader's flawed plans and proposals,it is important for the follower to pinpoint specifics rather than vague generalities.

Question 28

The LMX-7 scale is preferred for defining and measuring the quality of relationships because it measures both vertical dyad linkages and social exchanges.

Question 29

The leader-member exchange (LMX)is the quality of the exchange relationship between a leader and a follower.

Question 30

The three determining factors that have been found to distinguish influential followers from their peers are: follower's relative power position,locus of control,and education and experience.

Question 31

Pragmatic followers are often known to "play political games."

Question 32

Ingratiation is the effort to appear supportive,appreciative,and respectful.

Question 33

The effective follower must avoid raising issues with the leader,even if the leader's decisions are misguided or unethical.

Question 34

One of the guidelines to becoming an effective leader is to take action only when being told by the leader.

Question 35

During a feedback session,a leader should explain the negative impact of the ineffective behavior and outline suggested remedies the leader prepared before the session started.

Question 36

A major advantage of LMX theory is its ease of measurement.

Question 37

LMX theorists measure the quality of the leader-follower relationship using the LMX-7 questionnaire.

Question 38

Kelley groups followers into five categories based on two types of behavior,independent critical thinking,and level of involvement.

Question 39

People who believe they are "pawns of fate" have an internal locus of control and believe they have no influence or control at work.

Question 40

Today's workers are far more educated,mobile,diverse,and younger than the workforce of 30 years ago.

Question 41

Which of the following statements best describes the vertical dyadic linkage theory?

A)The focus is on the quantity of dyads.
B)Leaders aspire to build the same positive relationship with each follower.
C)Linkages among peers are discouraged.
D)Leader?follower interactions create in-groups and out-groups.

Question 42

One of the benefits of delegating responsibilities is that leaders can focus on doing many tasks well,instead of a few tasks less effectively.

Question 43

A benefit of a high quality LMX relationship is that:

A)followers show greater motivation and job performance.
B)there is more staff turnover.
C)in-group members are not expected to work as hard as out-group members.
D)the leader can pay less attention to in-group members

Question 44

In Vertical Dyadic Linkage Theory,leaders mostly use position power to influence:

A)in-group members.
B)out-group members.
C)effective followers.
D)pragmatic followers.

Question 45

According to Kelley's model of follower types,Belinda is a conformist follower,someone who carries out orders without considering the consequences of those orders and does anything to avoid conflict.According to Kelley's follower types,she is _______.

A)high on level of involvement and low on critical thinking
B)low on level of involvement and lower on critical thinking
C)high on level of involvement and high on critical thinking
D)high on locus of control and high on position power

Question 46

The concept of ________ is the set of resources that inheres in the structure of relations between members of the group,which helps them get ahead.

A)group interaction
B)social exchange
C)social capital
D)ingratiation

Question 47

Technical matters and routine tasks are things that should not be delegated.

Question 48

Leaders primarily use ____ to influence members of the in-group.

A)referent power
B)locus of control
C)ingratiation
D)social capital

Question 49

____ is a follower's effort to project a favorable image to gain an immediate benefit or improve a long-term relationship with the leader.

A)Ingratiation
B)Impressions management
C)Self-promotion
D)Politicking

Question 50

When asked about her new boss,an employee says that,"The relationship is simple - he tells me what to do,and I do it.I only get what support is deemed absolutely necessary to a project.If I think that the support is simply inadequate,I ask for more.However,the last time that I did that,he put someone else on the job." This employee is probably a(n):

A)out-group member.
B)lower-level employee.
C)pragmatic follower.
D)proactive team member.

Question 51

Delegating refers to telling employees to perform the tasks that are part of their job design.

Question 52

_______ is the effort to appear competent and dependable.

A)Impressions management
B)Ingratiation
C)Self-promotion
D)Followership

Question 53

Low-quality LMX relationships are characterized by:

A)little or no involvement in decision making.
B)mutual trust between follower and leader.
C)followers showing greater OCB.
D)a leader's wide span of control.

Question 54

Before setting objectives that define responsibility,level of authority,and deadline,you should explain the need for delegating and the reasons for selecting the employee.

Question 55

The LMX-7 questionnaire used for measuring the quality of LMX relationships:

A)typically measure vertical dyad linkages along with social exchanges.
B)tend to measure LMX from the perception of the follower rather than the leader.
C)have firmly established the close similarity between leader and follower perceptions.
D)found that LMX relationships remain stable over time.

Question 56

The higher the quality of an LMX relationship:

A)the higher the performance of the organization.
B)the more successful the manager.
C)the more resources the follower receives.
D)the greater the dissatisfaction of followers.

Question 57

Leaders commonly use which of the following types of power to influence out-group members?

A)Position power.
B)Referent power.
C)Information power.
D)Expert power.

Question 58

A manager applied leadership theory to the way that he directed the organization,and found some improvement in organizational performance.The manager noticed how some individuals seemed to flourish and perform better than others,and began to evaluate his own relationships with the individuals,rather than just the way he led the organization "in general." The manager's new concern would be an example of applied:

A)systems and networks theory.
B)vertical dyad linkage theory.
C)social capital.
D)external locus of control.

Question 59

You can delegate responsibility and accountability,but not authority.

Question 60

As workers' education and experience increases,leaders have to shift to a more top-down directive style of leading.

Question 61

Which of the following in NOT a factor that enhances follower influence?

A)Power position.
B)Locus of control.
C)Education and experience.
D)Span of control.

Question 62

When challenging a leader's flawed plans and proposals,it is important for the follower to:

A)pinpoint specifics.
B)personalize the critique.
C)provide both positive and negative feedback.
D)ask for suggestions.

Question 63

Which of the following is NOT one of the guidelines to becoming an effective follower?

A)Offer support to leader.
B)Play counseling and coaching roles to leader when appropriate.
C)Show appreciation.
D)Avoid negative feedback.

Question 64

Because one of your employees,Angela,functions well in self-managed teams,likes to initiate change,and is willing to put herself at risk for the best interest of the organization,she is a(n)____ follower.

A)effective
B)pragmatic
C)alienated
D)conformist

Question 65

____ is the process of assigning responsibility and authority for accomplishing objectives.

A)Mentoring
B)Coaching
C)Delegation
D)Instruction

Question 66

Which of the following may be delegated?

A)Technical matters.
B)Crises.
C)Personnel matters.
D)Matters delegated to you.

Question 67

People with a(n)____ locus of control believe that they are "masters of their own destiny" and can influence people and events in their workplace.

A)internal
B)external
C)neutral
D)optimal

Question 68

The type of follower who reveals the greatest range of behaviors is the:

A)alienated follower.
B)effective follower.
C)pragmatic follower.
D)conformist follower.

Question 69

Which of the following should NOT be delegated?

A)Technical matters.
B)Routine tasks.
C)Employees' problems.
D)Performance appraisals.

Question 70

The ____ follower is someone who is neither high on critical thinking nor involvement.

A)alienated
B)conformist
C)passive
D)pragmatic

Question 71

The text states that managers fail to delegate for all the following reasons EXCEPT:

A)they fear that employees will fail to accomplish tasks.
B)they don't know what to delegate.
C)they don't know how to delegate.
D)they are seeking a promotion.

Question 72

Effective followers:

A)resist inappropriate influence from the leader.
B)have external locus of control.
C)need only clarity of expectations, not influence, from their leaders.
D)are conscientious to respond positively to their leader's influence.

Question 73

The ____ follower is someone who is high on involvement but low on critical thinking.

A)alienated
B)conformist
C)passive
D)pragmatic

Question 74

Which of the following has resulted from the higher educational level of the work environment?

A)An increasing proportion of workers in out-groups.
B)Workers are rejecting top-down directive leadership.
C)More employees with an external locus of control.
D)A decreasing need for delegation.

Question 75

The ____ follower is someone who is high on critical thinking and involvement.

A)alienated
B)conformist
C)effective
D)pragmatic

Question 76

As Jim's leader,you have noticed that he is low on involvement and high on critical thinking,and you have concluded that Jim is a(n)____ follower.

A)alienated
B)conformist
C)passive
D)pragmatic

Question 77

Leaders who have difficulty meeting deadlines and who take work home from the job are showing signs of:

A)having optimal stress levels.
B)participative management.
C)delegating too little.
D)directive leadership.

Question 78

Possibilities of what to delegate include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)reports.
B)scheduling.
C)letters.
D)disciplining.

Question 79

Follower influencing characteristics include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)power position.
B)gender and status.
C)locus of control.
D)education and experience.

Question 80

Because your leader is an authoritarian leader,you know that he prefers ____ followers.

A)passive
B)pragmatic
C)alienated
D)conformist