Deck 6: Attitudes Can Shape Your Life

Question 1

You can help others to change their attitudes by changing the conditions that precede a behavior.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

In most organizations,new employees observe and emulate what supervisors and managers do when adjusting to their jobs.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Learning to cope with change is important for maintaining a positive attitude that employers value.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Employees who frequently have a negative attitude can still maintain a high level of productivity.

Question 5

When asked,employees cite interesting work and recognition for good performance among the attributets they most desire in a job.

Question 6

Jane stopped smoking because Mary,her older cousin whom she admires,disapproves and does not smoke.This is an example of the power of a peer group.

Question 7

It can be difficult,though not impossible,to unlearn negative attitudes.

Question 8

When Nina tells her manager that she doesn't feel she needs to attend various training sessions at company expense or utilize support services,her manager is likely to be thankful for her willing attitude to minimize company costs.

Question 9

The use of rewards and punishments to influence another's attitude is a successful strategy with children but not with adults.

Question 10

Companies can make full use of the ideas,talents,experiences,and perspectives of their employees by limiting diversity.

Question 11

By simply saying "Thank you;I appreciate receiving this today" when a coworker provides you information ahead of schedule,you are can influence that person to submit work early again in the future.

Question 12

While you can control or modify attitudes to some degree,it is basically impossible to change them once you reach adulthood.

Question 13

We develop negative or positive attitudes toward people,ideas,and events based upon our thoughts about,feelings about,and actions toward them.

Question 14

One of the most significant differences between high and low achievers is choice of career.

Question 15

A peer group consists of people who share a common interest and act as an information source for an individual member.

Question 16

Sam is upset because his manager just announced that the turnaround time for research reports has been shortened from 3 weeks to 2 weeks.Sam can work to change his attitude about this by mentally reframing the situation as a challenge to be more focused and efficient when writing his reports.

Question 17

People are usually fired because the cognitive or emotional components of their attitudes are unacceptable to the organization,not because of their behaviors on the job.

Question 18

Most differences between happy and unhappy individuals are based on external factors.

Question 19

In the conceptual age,workers and businesses that demonstrate empathetic attitudes will have a competitive advantage.

Question 20

Andrew,who is training to run a marathon,occasionally mentions his progress to his boss.His boss will probably perceive Andrew as having a self-absorbed attitude and be unappreciative of his endeavor.

Question 21

Rafael sees his family achieve financial success through hard work.His parents and teachers talk about the importance of voting and being active in the community.As a result,Rafael develops strong attitudes about these issues.This is an example of

A) ​the power of a peer group in forming attitudes.
B) the socialization process.​
C) the power of attitudes within an organization.​
D) rewards and punishment in forming attitudes.​

Question 22

Attitudes are our sincere thoughts.Which of the following statements is true about attitudes?​

A) ​They affect how we think,feel,and act.
B) ​They are the foundation upon which we develop our values.
C) ​They are relatively easy to form and change.
D) ​They can significantly affect our mental health but have little impact on our physical health.

Question 23

Carlos teaches high school language arts classes.When selecting a reference group,he is most likely to choose

A) ​several educators belonging to the National Council of Teachers of English.
B) various school administrators.​
C) the high school student body.​
D) members of his family.​

Question 24

The changing demographics of the global work force make which of the following attitudes especially important for success in the workplace?​

A) ​Self-leadership
B) Valuing coworker diversity​
C) Health consciousness​
D) Self-directed learning​

Question 25

Henry wants to help one of his employees develop a more positive attitude about work.He should​

A) ​keep an open mind.
B) alter the way the employee thinks.​
C) change the conditions surrounding the events that feed the employee's negative attitude.​
D) provide negative consequences for doing what is asked.​

Question 26

Improving employees' attitudes can increase a company's productivity.Ways to change employees' attitudes include​

A) ​focusing primarily on monetary rewards for employees.
B) holding regular celebrations for all employees and their families.​
C) encouraging management to develop friendships with their workers.​
D) awarding bonuses to the employees who are most liked by their managers.​

Question 27

Eddie's attitude toward work is that each worker should consistently put forth his or her best effort to do the job well.How might Eddie best convey this attitude when applying for a job?​

A) ​Avoiding too much preparation for the interview so his responses sound natural
B) Sending his standard résumé and cover letter promptly​
C) Customizing his résumé to highlight skills relevant to the position​
D) Discussing all of his core values in depth during the interview​

Question 28

Ahmad was recently laid off from his job at Big Bank.When he was employed,he did not enjoy his job;however,now that his job is gone,he feels discouraged and hopeless.Ahmad needs to change his attitude and can do so by​

A) ​seeking support and happiness in his relationships.
B) doing more things that he enjoys.​
C) discovering positive opportunities resulting from the layoff.​
D) doing all of these things (a-c).​

Question 29

Alex admires his manager,Susan,and considers her a role model.Susan often speaks about the importance of communication.At the same time,her busy schedule with external clients makes her very unavailable to Alex and other employees.During the rare chance that they are able to speak with her,she seems hurried and answers other calls and text messages.Alex is most likely to develop an attitude that​

A) ​communicating with employees and communicating with clients are equally important.
B) upward communication is valuable to managers.​
C) communicating with clients is less important than communicating with employees.​
D) internal communication is less important than external communication.​

Question 30

Mandy's employer is going through a period of intense and rapid change.Mandy has begun rejecting any new work-related idea or practice,preferring to cling to the methods that her employer used before the changes began.Mandy is exhibiting which of the following negative attitudes concerning change?

A) ​Tenacity
B) Arrogance​
C) Inflexibility​
D) Traditionalism​

Question 31

While her team was developing an eco-friendly cleaning wipe,Jackie suggested using a particular material,which triggered Jamal's idea to try a similar but faster-dissolving material.The team adopted Jamal's idea,and the product succeeded.When Jamal's boss asked whose idea it was to use the chosen material,Jamal said it was his,but that he wouldn't have thought of it without Jackie's input.In this example,Jamal most clearly demonstrates which of the following employer-valued attitudes?​

A) ​Honesty and team spirit
B) Health consciousness and culture appreciation​
C) Optimism and health consciousness​
D) Self-motivation and flexibility​

Question 32

Despite facing a struggling economy,ABC Company offers its employees yoga and healthy cooking classes at lunch and after work.The company is attempting to

A) ​reduce costs by promoting employee well-being.
B) enhance employee spirituality.​
C) create self-directed learners.​
D) make employees work harder by offering additional benefits.​

Question 33

As CEO of a very successful organization,Joshua tries to show his enthusiasm and support for the work of his executive staff.They then demonstrate a similar degree of enthusiasm and support to middle management.This continues down the chain of authority.We can then say that​

A) ​the socialization process works well.
B) ​using role models influences our attitudes.
C) ​an organization's success is a reflection of the attitudes of its leaders.
D) ​the power of reference groups on perception is very strong.

Question 34

Which type of person is most likely to view problems as temporary setbacks rather than as barriers to success?​

A) ​Pessimists
B) Optimists​
C) Introverts​
D) Directives​

Question 35

An important first step in changing your attitude is

A) ​changing your lifestyle.
B) asking your parents for feedback.​
C) asking your friends to change their attitudes with you.​
D) concentrating on positive things in your life.​

Question 36

In Chapter 6,you were introduced to the purpose and major elements of Jiffy Lube International's employee training program.The focus and results of this training program indicate that competitive advantage in the marketplace can be achieved through​

A) ​hiring the right people.
B) ​inspiring trust among customers.
C) ​providing quick and accurate information.
D) ​paying attention to employees.

Question 37

Sherry hates to do financial reports.Her boss encourages her when he gives her a financial report assignment and praises her when she gets it done on time and accurately.He is quite stern and scolds her if she complains about doing them.Over time,Sherry begins to feel more positively about doing the reports and actually comes to enjoy them.This is an example of the power of​

A) ​rewards and punishment in forming attitudes.
B) the effect of role model identification on attitude formation.​
C) the socialization process at work.​
D) a peer group on the development of attitudes.​

Question 38

Rude behavior in the workplace,such as using profanity and failing to say "please" and "thank you," demonstrates a lack of​

A) ​basic interpersonal skills.
B) appreciation of coworker diversity.​
C) openness to change.​
D) self-motivation.​

Question 39

Jasmine goes out of her way to display a caring attitude to one of her customers during a sales call.The customer establishes a long-term relationship with Jasmine's company.This is an example of

A) ​the influence of role models on attitudes.
B) how attitude can lead to success in someone's career.​
C) how an empathizer can be a powerful force in an organization.​
D) the power of a reference group on the formation of attitudes.​

Question 40

Lena frequently agrees with the rest of her team in hopes that she will be accepted by her team members.She may lose control of her attitude due to

A) ​cynicism.
B) groupthink.​
C) closed-mindedness.​
D) professional relationships.​

Question 41

If employers want to maintain or improve the positive attitudes of their workers,and thereby maintain or improve productivity,they need to address the quality of their employees' __________________.

Question 42

Briefly explain what it means to value diversity.

Question 43

Describe the relationship among a person's values,attitudes,and behaviors.

Question 44

Often pessimism leads to ____________________,which is a mistrusting attitude regarding the motives of people.

Question 45

We can never really know a person's attitude,but we can observe his or her _____________.

Question 46

Case 6.1
​
Martin is managing a production line in a manufacturing plant in the Midwest.Martin has a quality and productivity problem in one part of the manufacturing process.He discovers that his workers aren't sure what to do.When he asks why they didn't ask questions,the universal reply is,"We Midwesterners don't ask questions,we just do."
​
Martin decides to address this problem by offering recognition rewards for the employee who asks the most job-related questions that lead to process improvements each month.Unfortunately,Martin finds the program doesn't work.When he further questions his workers,he discovers that no one wants to be the first to ask questions.As a group,workers still feel that they should figure it out on their own and not ask questions.
​
Martin persuades Carmen,a worker everyone else admires,to be the first to ask questions as part of the program.After about a month,several other people begin to submit questions,and soon everyone in the plant is asking questions.
Refer to Case 6.1.Martin's plan failed initially because he didn't consider the power of ____ on attitudes.

A) ​the socialization process
B) peer or reference groups​
C) role model identification​
D) rewards and punishments​

Question 47

Case 6.1
​
Martin is managing a production line in a manufacturing plant in the Midwest.Martin has a quality and productivity problem in one part of the manufacturing process.He discovers that his workers aren't sure what to do.When he asks why they didn't ask questions,the universal reply is,"We Midwesterners don't ask questions,we just do."
​
Martin decides to address this problem by offering recognition rewards for the employee who asks the most job-related questions that lead to process improvements each month.Unfortunately,Martin finds the program doesn't work.When he further questions his workers,he discovers that no one wants to be the first to ask questions.As a group,workers still feel that they should figure it out on their own and not ask questions.
​
Martin persuades Carmen,a worker everyone else admires,to be the first to ask questions as part of the program.After about a month,several other people begin to submit questions,and soon everyone in the plant is asking questions.
Refer to Case 6.1.Martin's identification of Carmen is an example of using ____ to influence attitudes.

A) ​culture
B) socialization​
C) rewards and punishments​
D) role models​

Question 48

Identify an instance in your life when you felt unhappy.Applying the principles outlined in Chapter 6,how did you create-or how should you have created-your own happiness?

Question 49

How is the success of a company affected by its leaders' attitudes?​

Question 50

Valuing ____________________ means that an organization tends to make full use of the ideas,talents,experiences,and perspectives of all employees.

Question 51

Case 6.1
​
Martin is managing a production line in a manufacturing plant in the Midwest.Martin has a quality and productivity problem in one part of the manufacturing process.He discovers that his workers aren't sure what to do.When he asks why they didn't ask questions,the universal reply is,"We Midwesterners don't ask questions,we just do."
​
Martin decides to address this problem by offering recognition rewards for the employee who asks the most job-related questions that lead to process improvements each month.Unfortunately,Martin finds the program doesn't work.When he further questions his workers,he discovers that no one wants to be the first to ask questions.As a group,workers still feel that they should figure it out on their own and not ask questions.
​
Martin persuades Carmen,a worker everyone else admires,to be the first to ask questions as part of the program.After about a month,several other people begin to submit questions,and soon everyone in the plant is asking questions.
Refer to Case 6.1.Which of the following attitudes does Martin most value in Carmen's willingness to ask the first questions?​

A) ​Team spirit
B) Openness to change​
C) Appreciation of coworker diversity​
D) Health consciousness​

Question 52

To help others change their attitudes,you can change the conditions that precede the inappropriate behavior or change the ____________________ that follow.

Question 53

____________________ are able to imagine themselves in someone else's position and understand what that person is feeling.

Question 54

As children reach adolescence,they come to be influenced by their ____________________-perhaps even more than by parents,teachers,and other adult figures.

Question 55

Case 6.1
​
Martin is managing a production line in a manufacturing plant in the Midwest.Martin has a quality and productivity problem in one part of the manufacturing process.He discovers that his workers aren't sure what to do.When he asks why they didn't ask questions,the universal reply is,"We Midwesterners don't ask questions,we just do."
​
Martin decides to address this problem by offering recognition rewards for the employee who asks the most job-related questions that lead to process improvements each month.Unfortunately,Martin finds the program doesn't work.When he further questions his workers,he discovers that no one wants to be the first to ask questions.As a group,workers still feel that they should figure it out on their own and not ask questions.
​
Martin persuades Carmen,a worker everyone else admires,to be the first to ask questions as part of the program.After about a month,several other people begin to submit questions,and soon everyone in the plant is asking questions.
Refer to Case 6.1.The source of Martin's production and quality problem is an example of which influence on attitudes?

A) ​Rewards and punishment
B) Role models​
C) Peer or reference group​
D) Culture​

Question 56

The American Public Health Association may be a relevant ____________________ that provides a nurse or physician opportunities to learn information and compare ideas in ways that influence their attitudes and behaviors.

Question 57

Case 6.1
​
Martin is managing a production line in a manufacturing plant in the Midwest.Martin has a quality and productivity problem in one part of the manufacturing process.He discovers that his workers aren't sure what to do.When he asks why they didn't ask questions,the universal reply is,"We Midwesterners don't ask questions,we just do."
​
Martin decides to address this problem by offering recognition rewards for the employee who asks the most job-related questions that lead to process improvements each month.Unfortunately,Martin finds the program doesn't work.When he further questions his workers,he discovers that no one wants to be the first to ask questions.As a group,workers still feel that they should figure it out on their own and not ask questions.
​
Martin persuades Carmen,a worker everyone else admires,to be the first to ask questions as part of the program.After about a month,several other people begin to submit questions,and soon everyone in the plant is asking questions.
Refer to Case 6.1.Martin's initial solution to the problem is an example of using which influence to change individual attitudes about asking questions?

A) ​Changing consequences
B) Changing conditions​
C) Socialization through training​
D) Keeping an open mind​

Question 58

Organizations today work hard to create appropriate ____________________ that attract and maintain highly qualified workers during volatile times.

Question 59

According to author Brian Tracy's "Law of ________________," the more thoroughly you open your mind to the options available to you,the more freedom you have.

Question 60

Define attitudes and discuss five forces that influence their formation.

Question 61

Name the three components of attitude described by social psychologists and provide a real-life example of each.

Question 62

What are the seven attitudes of highly valuable employees? What evidence could you find in their behaviors that would indicate to you that they possess these attitudes?​

Question 63

How will the age of information affect attitudes?​

Question 64

Identify a particular attitude of yours and explain how it was formed and strengthened or changed over time due to each of the five influences mentioned in Chapter 6.

Question 65

Your close friend was laid off due to downsizing,and she's feeling depressed.She's looked online and in the paper for job openings,but has recently given up hope of finding anything.You've also noticed that she has become more withdrawn from friends lately.Detail a well-rounded plan for how you can help her improve her attitude about this jobless situation.