Deck 3: Antigens-Epitopes and Immunogenicity

Question 1

If mom is HLA A2A9/B5B12/CW3CW5 and baby is A2A11/B5B18/Cw5Cw8, can a man who is A9A11/B8B18/CW5CW8 be the dad? Can a child who is A2A9/B5B18/Cw5Cw8 be the sibling without recombinational events?

A)yes and yes
B)yes and no
C)no and yes
D)no and no

Answer 1

yes and no

Question 2

It has been theorized that some viruses have antigens on their surfaces similar to human antigens, which can lead to the reaction of the immune system with self-antigens that are slightly different from the virus as the result of

A)homeopathic effect
B)opsonic effect
C)cross-reactivity
D)polyclonal response

Answer 2

cross-reactivity

Question 3

If the antigen is mixed with oil and water to make an emulsion prior to immunization,

A)the oil and water acts as an adjuvant to allow slow release of the antigen
B)the oil and water acts as a lipid to make the antigen more hydrophobic, so it is more antigenic
C)the oil and water are used just to get the antigen into solution
D)this will decrease the immune response

Answer 3

the oil and water acts as an adjuvant to allow slow release of the antigen

Question 4

An antigen on an extracellular bacterium

A)is presented after ingestion by an antigen-presenting cell in a class I molecule after binding in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
B)is presented after ingestion by an antigen-presenting cell after the relevant antigenic peptide has been processed into pieces that are 13-18 amino acids long and the class II molecule has lost the invariant chain in the lysosome and has picked up the processed peptide
C)is presented after ingestion by an antigen-presenting cell in a class II molecule after binding in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
D)is presented after ingestion by an antigen-presenting cell after the relevant antigenic peptide has been processed into pieces that are 13-18 amino acids long, and the class I molecule has lost the invariant chain in the lysosome and has picked up the processed peptide

Question 5

Which of the following are either a and b or g and d, have a variable region that was formed through recombinational events, and are associated with the CD3 molecule ?

A)IgD molecules
B)acute phase reactants
C)pattern recognition receptors
D)T-cell receptors

Question 6

An alloantigen is

A)an antigen from a different part on your own body
B)an antigen from a different individual in your same species
C)an antigen from another species that is recognized by surface carbohydrates
D)an antigen from a different species that is recognized by surface proteins

Question 7

Which of the following is true for cross-reactions? They

A)can hurt us because they can be related to autoimmune disease
B)are the reason that we have anti-A or anti-B red blood cell antibodies
C)cause the need for a very specific assay for HCG for pregnancy testing
D)are used in vaccines
E)can do all of the above

Question 8

Because I want to create a helper T cell response that will help create a cytotoxic response, I am going first to load the MHC molecule myself artificially. To fit the MHC molecule that I want and create the first response that I want, what peptide size should I use and what cytokine(s) do I hope will be secreted?

A)13-18 amino acids and IL-12 by the antigen-presenting cell to create a TH1 response
B)8-10 amino acids and IL-4 by the antigen-presenting cell to create a TH2 response
C)13-18 amino acids and IL-2 by the antigen-presenting cell to create a TH2 response
D)8-10 amino acids and IL-12 by the antigen-presenting cell to create a TH2 response

Question 9

An alloantigen is

A)an antigen from an immunologically privileged site that has been released due to injury
B)an antigen from a different species
C)an antigen from another member of the same species
D)an antigen that is not inherited as expected

Question 10

Which of the following is the most immunogenic?

A)Streptococcal polysaccharide
B)DNA from a hepatitis B virus
C)the protein toxoid from tetanus
D)the lipids isolated from the milk of a cow with an udder infection

Question 11

The T cell receptor

A)is associated with the CD3 receptor on the cell surface
B)binds soluble antigen
C)only binds antigen which is presented by the correct MHC class I or II molecule
D)A and B
E)A and C

Question 12

Which of the following is the most immunogenic?

A)Hemophilus influenza polysaccharide
B)DNA from a Herpes virus
C)protein toxoid from tetanus
D)lipids isolated from an atherosclerosis plaque

Question 13

A heteroantigen is

A)an antigen from a different part on your own body
B)an antigen from a different individual in your same species
C)an antigen from another species that is recognized by surface carbohydrates and does not follow an evolutionary pattern of inheritance
D)an antigen from a different species

Question 14

An adjuvant is

A)a bacterial strain that has undergone a mutation to become worse
B)a helper virus that allows bacterial growth
C)a substance that can increase recruitment of cells to participate in an immune response and cause slow release of the antigen
D)any organism that helps another organism proliferate

Question 15

Regarding a molecule that is involved in presenting antigens from cells that are infected, what is the molecule, what size antigen is placed in these molecules, and to what cells does it present the antigen?

A)class II molecule, 8-10 amino acids, the CD4+ T cell
B)class I molecule, 13-16 amino acids, the CD8+ cell
C)class I molecule, 8-10 amino acids, the CD 8+ cell
D)class II molecule, 13-18 amino acids, the CD8+ cell

Question 16

An adjuvant

A)is covalently attached to a carrier to form an immune response
B)allows slow release of the antigen to increase immunogenicity
C)is covalently attached to a hapten to form an immune response
D)is an alloantigen on the immunoglobulin molecule

Question 17

If mom is HLA A1A9/B5B12/CW3CW5 and baby is A9A11/B5B18/Cw5Cw8, can a man who is A9A1/B8B18/CW5CW8 be the dad? Can a child who is A9A11/B12B18/Cw5Cw8 be the sibling without a recombinational event?

A)yes and yes
B)yes and no
C)no and yes
D)no and no

Question 18

Class I molecules are found on

A)every nucleated cell in your body
B)red blood cells only
C)monocytes, macrophage, dendritic cells, and B cells only
D)B and C

Question 19

An antigen on an intracellular bacteria

A)is presented after infection by the infected cell in a class I molecule after binding in the Golgi
B)is presented after ingestion by an antigen-presenting cell after the relevant antigenic peptide has been processed into pieces that are 13-18 amino acids long, and the class II molecule has lost the invariant chain in the lysosome and picked up the processed peptide
C)is presented after ingestion by an antigen-presenting cell in a class II molecule after binding in the rough endoplasmic reticulum
D)is presented after ingestion by an antigen-presenting cell after the relevant antigenic peptide has been processed into pieces that are 13-18 amino acids long, and the class I molecule has lost the invariant chain in the lysosome and picked up the processed peptide

Question 20

All cells in the body can get infected, and when infected, a cell presents the antigen of the infection. In which molecule does it present the antigen, and which type of cell responds?

A)class II molecule, CD4+ T cell
B)class I molecule, CD8+ T cell
C)immunoglobulin, NK cell
D)PAMP, PRRs

Question 21

Class II molecules

A)have a bound invariant chain that must be removed before antigenic peptides can bind
B)present antigen to CD4 + T cells
C)present antigen to CD8+ T cells
D)A and B

Question 22

Which of the following contains factors involved in immunogenicity?

A)charge, foreignness, chemical complexity
B)molecular weight, foreignness, chemical complexity
C)charge, foreignness, molecular weight
D)charge, molecular weight, chemical complexity

Question 23

An immunogen is a(n)

A)compound that is capable of eliciting an immune response in a host
B)antigen that is from other members of the same species as the host
C)restricted portion of a molecule involved in the actual binding with the combining site of a particular antibody
D)small compound that, although able to combine with elements of the immune system such as antibodies, cannot stimulate an immune response unless they are linked to a much larger immunogenic molecule called a carrier

Question 24

Epitopes are the

A)part of the antibody molecule that binds to the antigen
B)part of the antigen that binds to the binding site of the antibody
C)outermost part of the protein
D)outermost part of a carbohydrate

Question 25

An exogenous antigen is defined as

A)any foreign antigen presented to a T cell
B)an alloantigen presented to a B cell
C)an antigen that comes from outside the cell and has been engulfed by an antigen-presenting cell
D)an antigen that comes from an intracellular bacteria or virus that after digestion replaces the invariant chain