Deck 5: Problems and Solutions

Question 1

Time elapsed between the instant a call for service is received and the instant a police officer arrives on the scene, otherwise referred toas  ____time , has become a benchmark for police efficiency. ​

A)differential response
B)reactive
C)incident-driven policing
D)response

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Nearly 40 percent of a patrol officer's time in the United States is spent on ______ ​

A)preventive patrol.
B)calls for service.
C)administrative duties.
D)officer-initiated activities.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A hierarchically structured administrative organization that carries out specific functions is a______ ​

A)bureaucracy.
B)delegation.
C)chain of command.
D)strategy.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

T he smallest stretch of area that a police officer or group of police officers regularly patrols is referred toas a ______ ​

A)Beat.
B)district.
C)station.
D)zone.

Question 5

Because of the justification defense referred toas _____     ____, police officers are limited in what they can dotoconvince the target of an undercover operation toparticipate in an illegal activity. ​

A)duress
B)entrapment
C)necessity
D)self-defense

Question 6

The establishment of a connection between a suspect and a crime, often through the use of DNA evidence, in the absence of an ongoing investigation is referred toas a _________ ​

A)proactive solve.
B)clearance rate.
C)random hit.
D)cold hit.

Question 7

For more than a century, the most important piece of trace evidence has been _____ ​

A)DNA.
B)human fingerprint.
C)human hair.
D)blood evidence.

Question 8

The Kansas City Experiment showed that decreasing preventive patrol in a neighborhood _________ ​

A)had little or noimpact on crime.
B)decreased crime.
C)increased crime.
D)increased the number of reported offenses.

Question 9

Which is NoT an example of trace evidence? ​

A)Ballistics
B)Blood
C)Fingerprints
D)Hair

Question 10

According toyour authors, which of the following is NoT a purpose of police patrol? ​

A)Deterrence of crime
B)Maintenance of public order
C)Improvement of public attitudes toward the police
D)Provision of services that are not crime related

Question 11

Aggressive investigation strategies include __________ ​

A)crackdowns.
B)undercover operations.
C)roadblocks.
D)increased patrol of hot spots.

Question 12

The most common way for someone tobecome a detective is to________ ​

A)attend graduate school in criminal justice.
B)attend specialized training in the field.
C)earn an undergraduate college degree.
D)be promoted from patrol officer.

Question 13

W hich type of patrol doofficers make the rounds of a specific area with the purpose of carrying out the various patrol functions? ​

A)Directed
B)Incident-driven
C)General
D)Scattered indirect

Question 14

______________ is a database containing the DNA of more than 15 million people. ​

A)CoDIS.
B)AFIS.
C)IBIS.
D)NCVS.

Question 15

Whooperated the National Combined DNA Index System (CoDIS)? ​

A)ATF
B)DEA
C)FBI
D)ICE

Question 16

The term "clearance rate" refers to_________ ​

A)the percentage of reported crimes.
B)the percentage of crimes that result in arrest and prosecution.
C)the percentage of crimes that result in a criminal conviction.
D)the percentage of unreported crimes.

Question 17

Which crime is investigated most thoroughly and thus results in the highest clearance rates? ​

A)Burglary
B)Computer theft
C)Murder
D)Stolen vehicle

Question 18

A reactive approach topolicing that emphasizes a speedy response tocalls for service is _______ ​

A)community policing.
B)directed policing.
C)problem-oriented policing.
D)incident-driven policing.

Question 19

After a crime has been committed and the patrol officer has gathered preliminary information from a crime scene, the responsibility of identifying the offender is delegated tothe _______ ​

A)detective.
B)internal affairs unit.
C)patrol officer.
D)police chief.

Question 20

T he ultimate goal of a bureaucratic organization, such as a police department is _________ ​

A)administration development.
B)providing the best services for the community.
C)low employee turnover.
D)work satisfaction for the employee.

Question 21

Which of the following is defined as "a metaphorical term used torefer tothe value placed on secrecy and the general mistrust of the outside world shared by many police officers"? ​

A)Blue curtain
B)Blue sarcasm
C)Police cynicism
D)Police subculture

Question 22

Police officers whoaccept free gifts from citizens or business owners are said tobe engaging in a form of passive corruption known as __________ ​

A)a shakedown.
B)a payoff.
C)mooching.
D)bribery.

Question 23

The vast majority of patrol shifts are completed without a single arrest. ​

Question 24

Which one is NoT an internal pressure of police officers that causes stress? ​

A)The need tocomply with the law
B)Limited opportunities for career and advancement
C)Excessive paperwork
D)Low wages and benefits

Question 25

The____is a division within a police department that receives and investigates complaints of wrongdoing by police officers. ​

A)Administrative Department
B)Citizen oversight Committee
C)Ethics Department
D)Internal Affairs Unit

Question 26

is the degree of force that is appropriate toprotect the police officer or other citizens and is not excessive. ​

A)Deadly force
B)Reasonable force
C)Sufficient force
D)Minimal force

Question 27

The "broken windows theory" is based on the theory that by cracking down on     ____crimes, police can significantly reduce all crime in an area. ​

A)felony
B)property
C)quality-of-life
D)violent

Question 28

Because there are more stolen vehicles than murders in most jurisdictions, law enforcement agencies use more resources and time toinvestigate stolen vehicles than murders. ​

Question 29

In large U.S. police departments, as many as two-thirds of all employees of those departments are sworn officers. ​

Question 30

officer-initiated activities account for the most amount of patrol time. ​

Question 31

What type of technology is utilized by police departments tolocate and identify hot spots? ​

A)DNA fingerprinting
B)Crime mapping
C)Trace evidence
D)DNA phenotyping

Question 32

Confidential informants are generally police officers whoare working undercover toinfiltrate criminal organizations. ​

Question 33

is a term used todescribe when an officer actively demands payment from an individual or a business in return for certain services. ​

A)Gleaning
B)Mooching
C)A payoff
D)A shakedown

Question 34

In ____, the U.S. Supreme Court set the limits for the use of deadly force by law enforcement officers. ​

A)Miranda v. Arizona (1966)
B)Tennessee v. Garner (1985)
C)Mapp v. ohio(1967)
D)Roviarov. United States (1957)

Question 35

A policing philosophy that moves beyond responding toincidents and attempts tosolve the root causes of criminal behavior is _________ ​

A)problem-oriented policing.
B)community policing.
C)incident-driving policing.
D)proactive policing. ​

Question 36

A broad term used todescribe the basic assumptions and values that permeate law enforcement agencies and are taught tonew members of a law enforcement agency as the proper way tothink, perceive, and act is called _________ ​

A)the blue curtain.
B)police cynicism.
C)the police subculture.
D)socialization.

Question 37

An area that is concentrated with high criminal activity towhich there is a directed police response is a _____ ​

A)depressed spot.
B)heavy spot.
C)hot spot.
D)crime spot.

Question 38

Delegation of authority is a critical component of the chain of command, especially in large departments. ​

Question 39

In most police departments, police responsibilities are divided according tozones as well as by time. ​

Question 40

DNA taken from a crime scene may soon be able toprovide law enforcement with a physical description of a suspect. ​

Question 41

Community-oriented policing is a philosophy that requires police toidentify potential criminal activity and develop strategies toprevent or respond tothat activity. ​

Question 42

In Tennessee v. Garner (1985), the Supreme Court determined that police officers are not permitted toshoot a fleeing suspect whoposes noimmediate danger or threat . ​

Question 43

Police response time is a benchmark used for police efficiency. ​

Question 44

The study of firearms, including the firing of the weapon and the flight of the bullet, is called      . ​

Question 45

arrests occur when the police take the initiative totarget a particular type of criminal behavior. ​

Question 46

An officer suffering from  ____ will reexperience the traumatic event through nightmares and flashbacks. ​

Question 47

Directed patrol strategies are alsoknown as preventive patrol. ​

Question 48

The "broken windows theory" proposes that cracking down on violent crime will allow police toreclaim neighborhoods. ​

Question 49

A  ____is a criminal investigation that has not been solved after a certain amount of time. ​

Question 50

Police officers are granted discretionary powers because they may find themselves in danger of physical harm and must be allowed totake reasonable steps toprotect themselves and the general public. ​

Question 51

Reactive arrests are associated with general patrol activities. ​

Question 52

The misuse of authority by a law enforcement officer is known as __________  ____. ​

Question 53

A  ____is the smallest stretch that a police officer or group of police officers regularly patrol. ​

Question 54

is a hierarchically structured administrative organization that carries out specific functions. ​

Question 55

Many communities rely on an external procedure for handling citizen complaints, which is known as __________________________________.​

Question 56

is the technology that allows crime analysis toidentify trends and patterns of criminal behavior within a given area. ​

Question 57

__________________ refers tothe application of science toestablish facts and evidence during a criminal investigation . ​

Question 58

is a mental state that occurs when a person suffers from exhaustion and has difficulty functioning normally as a result of overwork and stress. ​

Question 59

is the genetic material found in the cells of all living things. ​

Question 60

is when an officer accepts money in exchange for allowing a certain criminal activity tocontinue. ​

Question 61

As the Police Commissioner of St. Louis, you have noticed a large decrease in officer-initiated stops and responses for calls for service, including when domestic violence is the catalyst. As Commissioner, it has been brought toyour attention by your various city chiefs that many of the officers nolonger feel that they are safe, nor dothey want tobe involved with potential dangerous situations where their actions will be questioned-referred toby some scholars as the "Ferguson Effect" in reference tothe infamous Michael Brown case. As Commissioner, you realize something must be done, because violent crime is rapidly increasing throughout the community, and as a result, many citizens in certain parts of the city nolonger feel safe. What is your strategy tohandle this situation? Please provide a detailed plan outlining what actions need totake place in order tomake your officers and the community feel safe again.

Question 62

Discuss twoaggressive investigation strategies. ​

Question 63

Explain what an ethical dilemma is and name four categories of ethical dilemmas typically faced by police officers. ​

Question 64

A CI (confidential informant)whohas been working with the police department for a number of years recently got arrested for minor drug possession. The information given by the CI over the years has assisted in taking countless drug dealers off of the street. Upon arrest, the patrol officer whomade the arrest, notifies her sergeant, whoin turn notifies you, the Chief. As part of the conversation, the CI tells you that if he gets "pinched" for the simple possession charge, he is done working with the cops. As the chief, you must make the decision whether or not towork with the prosecutor todetermine whether or not tocharge the CI. How doyou proceed, and why? Please fully explain your answer.

Question 65

As an undercover DEA agent, you have been in the field for three years attempting toinfiltrate a dangerous motorcycle club whohas been distributing heroin throughout northern Appalachia. over the course of these three years, you have gained the members' trust, and have become an associate tothe organization. Based on your undercover work, especially your ability towear a wire without detection, you have been able togather hundreds of hours of taped conversations which the United States Attorney in the Northern District of West Virginia has been able touse tobuild a case on most of the active members in the club. one evening, you are approached by one of the club leaders tofollow him toa garage behind one of the local meeting houses. Upon arrival, the leader pulls up the garage door, and there are twoother members of the club along with a man whois gagged and bound in chains and shackles. The man, whohas been visibly beaten, is strung up by his hands, with his feet barely touching the ground. You ask your leader, "What's this all about?" and he replies, "It's time for you toearn your patch." You turn tohim and say, "What are you asking me todo?" And your leader replies, "Kill him." At this point, what doyou do?

Question 66

As a rookie police officer, you are on patrol one evening and you notice a car driving erratically all over the road. You decide tofollow the vehicle and when the car fails tostop at a stop sign, you pull the suspect over. As you approach the car toask the driver for their license and registration, you quickly come torealize it's your stepmother driving her sister's car. You can smell the alcohol when you speak toher, she is unable tomake eye contact when she is talking toyou, and there are three empty beer cans on the passenger seat. What doyou do?

Question 67

List and discuss the three primary purposes/goals of police patrol. ​

Question 68

The four categories of ethical dilemmas involve discretion, duty, honesty, and____      . ​

Question 69

What type of information are forensic scientists looking for? What is and how is it used by forensic scientists tosolve crimes? ​

Question 70

_______________ is a term used todescribe the moral sense of a police officer that she or he should behave in a certain manner. ​

Question 71

What is a differential response strategy and how dothese strategies enable police departments torespond more efficiently to911 calls? ​

Question 72

Identify and discuss the three traditional forms of police corruption. ​

Question 73

Define community policing and explain how it is applied by modern police departments . ​

Question 74

Discuss police subculture and how police officers become socialized. What are the rituals that are part of a police officer's acceptance, and even embrace, of the police subculture? ​

Question 75

As a newly promoted Captain of your police department, your Chief has instructed you torebuild a connection with members of the community in the most crime ridden area of the city. Using the theory known as "Broken Windows" you attempt toaddress a number of so-called "quality of life crimes" that lead tothe ultimate deterioration of this portion of the city-especially many street level crimes including drug dealing, illegal gambling, and prostitution. The Chief has authorized 25 patrol officers towork under your command and has provided you with a relatively robust budget tocreate and carry out the initial stages of your plan. Please specifically discuss how you would proceed, and how you would utilize your officers and funding tobuild your community policing initiative.

Question 76

Residents of minority communities often feel that they are the targets of ____________ by law enforcement. In other words, they feel that police subject them toscrutiny mainly because of the neighborhood in which they live or the color of their skin. ​