Deck 1: Principles and Decision Making in Us Criminal Courts

Question 1

According to the text, what are the four components of the criminal justice

A) police, courts, corrections, security
B) law, crime, police, jails
C) law, courts, police, corrections
D) the executive branch, the legislative branch, the judicial branch, the corrections branch

Answer 1

C

Question 2

What is another term for the court system?

A) the judiciary
B) the legislative branch
C) agent of the state
D) the jurisdiction

Answer 2

A

Question 3

What do we call the ideals and imperatives that serve as the basis for legal thinking and guide legal decision-making?

A) substantive law
B) nullum crimen sine lege
C) legal principles
D) the judiciary

Answer 3

C

Question 4

What are the specific laws and procedures derived from foundational legal principles?

A) legal regulations
B) legal procedures
C) legal rules
D) legal principles

Question 5

What are three ideals that constrain and guide the U.S. criminal court system?

A) judicial independence, judicial review, judicial restraint
B) adversarial system, due process, presumption of innocence
C) constitutional system, federalism, jurisdiction
D) all of the above

Question 6

What are the legal principles, laws, and criminal justice system rules that protect the rights of individuals who are being processed by the government and that constrain arbitrary or excessive government power?

A) adversarial system
B) due-process provisions
C) judicial restraint
D) jurisdiction

Question 7

Government efforts to achieve social goals are called _____.

A) jurisdiction
B) due-process provisions
C) legal rules
D) public policy

Question 8

What type of laws mandate sentence lengths based on the type of offense?

A) due-process provisions
B) legal rules
C) three-strikes laws
D) mandatory minimum laws

Question 9

Which policy allows an inmate to be released early for good behavior or a demonstration of rehabilitative success?

A) due-process provisions
B) alternative sentencing
C) parole
D) probation

Question 10

A sentence in which a convicted person stays in the community as long as he or she follows court-ordered conditions is called _____.

A) probation
B) parole
C) alternative sentencing
D) due-process provisions

Question 11

The idea that a person's rights must be protected during government proceedings and arbitrary and excessive government power must be inhibited is a function of _____.

A) probation
B) due process
C) parole
D) jurisdiction

Question 12

Which amendment requires that prosecutors get permission from a grand jury before prosecuting

A) Eighth
B) First
C) Fifth
D) Fourth

Question 13

Which amendment requires police to have a warrant for a search?

A) Eighth
B) First
C) Fifth
D) Fourth

Question 14

The process by which courts determine if procedures or laws violate due-process provisions or rights

A) judicial review
B) jurisdiction
C) due process
D) legal rules

Question 15

What is the process by which a case is handled?

A) due process
B) criminal procedure
C) judicial review
D) adversarial process

Question 16

The concept of whether a case can be heard by a court is called _____.

A) adversarialness
B) processability
C) justiciability

Question 17

These are the facts of the case, substantive law, and precedent that serve as the legal basis of attorney decision-making and judicial rulings.

A) due process
B) legal merits
C) justiciability
D) legal rules

Question 18

This is the logic, evidence, laws, principles, language, and strategies lawyers and judges use in deciding if the facts of the case match the law.

A) justiciability
B) legal reasoning
C) public policy
D) criminal procedure

Question 19

What term refers to the characteristics within the court and frames decisions, actions, and motivations of the individuals participating in it?

A) public policy
B) internal ecology
C) criminal procedure
D) legal merits

Question 20

The judge, attorneys, police officers, bail-bond agents, and others who do the work of the court are the _____.

A) courtroom workgroup
B) courtroom staff
C) courtroom bureaucracy
D) courtroom workers

Question 21

This is any court worker who has an obligation to promote justice and effective operation of the judicial system.

A) officer of the court
B) courtroom workgroup
C) court worker
D) officer of the state

Question 22

These are the priorities, social relationships, hierarchies, values, and processes that are established and maintained by the legal system.

A) legal procedures
B) due-process provisions
C) legal reality
D) legal rules

Question 23

These are the pressures on the courts from cultures, people, and organizations outside the court.

A) adversarial process
B) jurisdiction
C) external ecology
D) internal ecology

Question 24

Laws written by the legislature are called _____.

A) statues
B) rules
C) regulations
D) statutes

Question 25

Which amendment specifies that courts must inform the defendants of the specific charges against them?

A) Eighth
B) Fourteenth
C) Fifth
D) Sixth

Question 26

Which amendment specifies that courts must allow defendants to remain free until proven guilty and cannot demand excessive bail?

A) Fourth
B) Fifth
C) Sixth
D) Eighth

Question 27

What part of the Constitution contains the provision that the government cannot criminalize behaviors that have already occurred?

A) Article I
B) Eighth Amendment
C) Article III
D) Fifth Amendment

Question 28

According to the text, courts are essential to maintaining the rule of law.

Question 29

The criminal courts are a cornerstone of the U.S. criminal justice system.

Question 30

U.S. law is based on steady principles, such as precedent.

Question 31

The U.S. legal system operates under the principle of nullum lege sine crimen ("no law without crime").

Question 32

Since the ratification of the Constitution in 1788 and the creation of an independent court system in every state, the criminal courts have enjoyed a stability not seen in the judiciary of most other nations.

Question 33

In only some U.S. courts, two connected goals shape the criminal law and courtroom activities: exertion of state power and protection of individual rights.

Question 34

Sometimes the government amends existing laws.

Question 35

All crime control efforts consist solely of arresting more people and incarcerating them for longer periods.

Question 36

The government utilizes propaganda techniques, such as social engineering, to shift public attitudes.

Question 37

The exertion and expansion of state power has limits created by due-process provisions.