Deck 9: Language Learning and Development

Question 1

Amber listens intently when her mother talks to her. Then Amber takes a turn in the conversation. This is an example of:

A) semantics
B) syntax
C) pragmatics
D) prosody

Answer 1

pragmatics

Question 2

Carmen continued saying "da, da" as she looked at her teacher. Her teacher would look at Carmen, smile, and repeat the sounds each time Carmen said them. Carmen's primary purpose is to:

A) develop a lexicon
B) learn new words
C) establish human connection
D) develop communication skills

Answer 2

establish human connection

Question 3

The term that refers to the rules governing the sequence of words and the relationships among part of a sentence is:

A) prosody
B) pragmatics
C) syntax
D) semantics

Answer 3

syntax

Question 4

Early language experience affects:

A) the character of the child
B) the child's capacity to learn language
C) the temperament of children
D) the child's capacity to learn numbers

Question 5

Culture usually will not have an effect on:

A) the sequence of language development
B) how children are viewed as conversational partners
C) the content of children's language
D) ritual and system constraints

Question 6

Research on children learning sign language found that the children's :

A) vocabulary was higher than children not learning sign language
B) a bilingual environment is a necessity, not a choice
C) minds were more open to their parents' minds
D) underperformed in learning to speak words

Question 7

Bilingual children:

A) generally have smaller total vocabularies than monolingual children
B) generally reach developmental milestones at the same time in both languages
C) only use one word from one of the languages that they are learning to label an object
D) have great difficulty learning two languages

Question 8

What does the term "communicative-linguistic parameters" refer to?

A) Language is a powerful medium for infants and toddlers to learn about their own value within their culture
B) The language, communication patterns, and values underlying those patterns used in the home
C) There are clear limits on how much language children can learn during a certain age period
D) The prosody of language

Question 9

While all of the following strategies are important, if you were to provide training for an infant/toddler center that wanted to support the language development of young children, which of the following is the most important thing to tell them?

A) Be an empathic language partner.
B) Use joint attention strategies.
C) Use the 4 E approach.
D) Use infant directed speech.

Question 10

By what age can children hear the differences in all of the consonants and vowels used in all languages?

A) Birth to 2 months
B) 2 to 4 months
C) 4 to 8 months
D) 8 to 12 months

Question 11

As Robin was playing with Koby she asked him, "What is that?" "What are you pushing?" and "What color is the car?" She is asking a type of question that may feel intrusive to Koby and limits conversation with him. She is asking what the chapter refers to as:

A) limited questions
B) closed questions
C) partial questions
D) imprecise questions

Question 12

When Alan talked about the car going by, his teacher said, "Yes, a blue car." She was using:

A) a directive style
B) self-talk
C) semantic elaboration
D) parallel talk

Question 13

Language explosion or productive naming explosion occurs between:

A) 4-8 months
B) 8-12 months
C) 12-18 months
D) 18-24 months

Question 14

A parent of a 4-month-old said to the baby, "You are such a sweetie. Here's your blanky." The teacher told the mother that she:

A) should stop speaking baby talk
B) was using infant-directed speech that babies like
C) was using directive speech that babies don't like
D) was using semantically responsive talk

Question 15

When Mackenzie (11 months-old) pointed to the picture in the book, her teacher said, "That's a cow. That's a brown cow." Mackenzie's teacher knew about the importance of:

A) self-talk
B) joint attention
C) parallel talk
D) "listening with her eyes"

Question 16

The conversationalist's strategies to regulate communication and protect feelings is called which of the following?

A) System constraints
B) Communicative-linguistic parameters
C) Ritual constraints
D) Infant-directed speech

Question 17

For maximum benefit treatment for a child with hearing impairment should be started:

A) before he or she goes to kindergarten
B) before birth
C) by 3 years of age
D) before 6 months of age

Question 18

Which of the following did the NICHD (2000b) study find influenced the language development of children attending a child care program?

A) Quality of child care, environment, and language stimulation
B) Quality of the environment and teacher-family relationships
C) Quality of peer interactions, the environment and number of children in a group
D) Quality of language stimulation as well as the number of children in a group

Question 19

Which of the following is most likely to contribute to children having lower language scores at age 3 than many other children?

A) Living in a high-risk environment
B) A boisterous, active temperament
C) The gender of the child
D) A child learning two languages

Question 20

The term "fast mapping" means that:

A) toddlers learn pragmatic skills very quickly when adults take language turns with them
B) toddlers need "multimodal input" to learn new words
C) toddlers need contingent interactions to learn language
D) many toddlers can quickly learn new words

Question 21

You have been chosen to give a 30-minute presentation to the other teachers on what features of language may differ based on family and cultural values? Create an outline of six points that you will emphasize.

Question 22

Describe six of the key strategies that adults can use to support children's language development and give an example for each one.