Deck 7: Intracellular Signaling and T Cell Activation

Question 1

The Rac/JNK pathway activates which signaling component?

A) Fos
B) Jun
C) AP-1
D) NF-kB

Answer 1

Jun

Question 2

The activation of the TCR through interaction with either MHC class I or class II molecules leads to signaling pathways that activate protein synthesis of:

A) IL-1
B) IL-2
C) TNF
D) ZAP-70

Answer 2

IL-2

Question 3

Cyclosporine A binding to cyclophilin blocks T cell activation by:

A) Inhibiting calcineurin and NFAT
B) Inhibiting RAP by binding to FKBP-12
C) Inhibiting IL-2 binding to the IL-2 receptor
D) Inhibiting calcineurin and protein kinase C (PKC)

Answer 3

Inhibiting calcineurin and NFAT

Question 4

Which of the following is/are part of the high affinity IL-2 receptor?
I. a-Chains
II. b-Chains
III. g-Chains

A) I only
B) III only
C) I and II
D) II and III
E) I, II, and III

Question 5

The major defect in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is:

A) Inability to produce IL-2
B) Lack of ZAP-70 protein kinase
C) Inability to produce B or T cells
D) Lack of g-chain in interleukin receptors

Question 6

The downstream signaling target of CD28/B7 activation is:

A) NF-kB
B) PIP2/IP3
C) Rac/JNK
D) PLCg1/DAG/PKC

Question 7

Which of the following is an example of autocrine signaling?

A) An NK cell responding to IL-12 produced by a macrophage.
B) A macrophage responding to TNF made by the same macrophage.
C) A T helper cell responding to IL-2 produced by a neighboring T cell.
D) A neutrophil responding to IL-1 produced by vascular endothelial cell.

Question 8

The activation of inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP₃) signaling results in:

A) Activation of NF-kB signaling
B) Release of intracellular calcium
C) Phosphorylation of downstream targets
D) Formation of the immunological synapse

Question 9

What is one reason that basiliximab or daclizumab would be a better option for renal transplant patients than cyclosporine A?

A) Cyclosporine causes renal toxicity.
B) Cyclosporine stimulates the immune system.
C) Basiliximab and daclizumab increase renal function.
D) Basiliximab and daclizumab inhibit the whole immune system, not just T cells.

Question 10

What is the purpose of adaptor proteins in signal transduction?

A) Activate transcription
B) Facilitate dimerization of receptors
C) Anchor the receptor to the membrane
D) Carry the signal from the membrane into the cytoplasm