Deck 12: Inferential Analysis

Question 1

The randomized block design reduces noise or variance in the data.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Just because a program or intervention leads to statistically significant improvement doesn't mean the amount of improvement is meaningful or all that valuable.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The line that describes the relationship between two or more variables is a(n)____ line.

A)residual
B)regression
C)β
D)dummy

Answer 3

B

Question 4

​Figure TB 11-1

In the accompanying figure,B refers to the ____.

A)predictor
B)outcome
C)slope
D)intercept

Question 5

The general statistical analysis that enables us to model relationships in data and test for treatment effects is ____.

A)ANOVA
B)regression
C)ANCOVA
D)Pearson's correlation

Question 6

Suppose a study is practically significant but not statistically significant.You should ____.

A)reconsider everything
B)increase the dosage or improve implementation
C)increase the sample size and/or improve measurement
D)be happy with an optimal outcome

Question 7

The process of stating the equation that best summarizes the data for a study is called ____.

A)model specification
B)model estimation
C)line specification
D)line estimation

Question 8

​Figure TB 11-1

In the accompanying figure,B refers to the ____.

A)predictor
B)outcome
C)slope
D)intercept

Question 9

Suppose a study is neither practically significant nor statistically significant.You should ____.

A)reconsider everything
B)increase the dosage or improve implementation
C)increase the sample size and/or improve measurement
D)be happy with an optimal outcome

Question 10

The General Linear Model is the major framework for statistical modeling in the social sciences.

Question 11

​Figure TB 11-1

In the accompanying figure,D refers to the ____.

A)predictor
B)outcome
C)slope
D)intercept

Question 12

In a 2 x 2 factorial design,there are two main effects and two interaction effects.

Question 13

The estimate of the difference between the groups relative to the variability of the scores in the groups is the ____.

A)t-value
B)r-value
C)df
D)variance

Question 14

Suppose a study is not practically significant but is statistically significant.You should ____.

A)reconsider everything
B)increase the dosage or improve implementation
C)increase the sample size and/or improve measurement
D)be happy with an optimal outcome

Question 15

The lack of random assignment in quasi-experimental designs makes their analysis considerably easier.

Question 16

​Figure TB 11-1

In the accompanying figure,A refers to the ____.

A)predictor
B)outcome
C)slope
D)intercept

Question 17

The t-test,one-way ANOVA,and regression analysis are mathematically equivalent and yield the same results in a two-group case.

Question 18

A variable is any entity that can take on different values.

Question 19

The intercept is the change in y for a change in x of one unit.

Question 20

The basic regression-discontinuity design is a two-group pretest-posttest model.

Question 21

In regression point displacement analysis,the dummy variable has ____ levels

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 22

For a basic nonequivalent groups design analysis,the model needs ____ terms.

A)two
B)three
C)four
D)five

Question 23

A statistical estimate of the standard deviation one would obtain from the distribution of an infinite number of estimates of the difference between the means of two groups is the ____.

A)standard error of the difference
B)estimated error
C)regression coefficient
D)correction factor

Question 24

The numerical variable used to represent subgroups of the sample is the ____.

A)residual
B)dummy variable
C)regression coefficient
D)intercept

Question 25

​Figure TB 11-5

The accompanying formula is the regression model for the ____.

A)2 x 2 factorial
B)randomized block
C)analysis of covariance
D)regression point displacement

Question 26

In the regression discontinuity analysis model,the pretest is adjusted by ____.

A)subtracting the cutoff
B)multiplying by the reliability estimate
C)multiplying by β
D)subtracting zo

Question 27

The t-value can be expressed as

A)noise / signal
B)signal / noise
C)noise - signal
D)signal - noise

Question 28

In GLM equations,the letter z stands for the ____.

A)outcome score 
B)error
C)dummy variable
D)predictor score

Question 29

​Figure TB 11-4

The accompanying formula is the regression model for the ____.

A)2 x 2 factorial
B)randomized block
C)analysis of covariance
D)regression point displacement

Question 30

​Figure TB 11-2

The line indicated by letter A in the accompanying figure is the ____.

A)error term
B)regression coefficient
C)β value
D)slope

Question 31

For a basic regression discontinuity analysis,the model needs ____ terms.

A)three
B)four
C)five
D)six

Question 32

The process of trying to reach conclusions that extend beyond the immediate data is referred to as _______________ statistics.

Question 33

The vertical distance from a point to the regression line is the ____.

A)error term
B)regression coefficient
C)β value
D)slope

Question 34

The sum of the squared deviations from the mean divided by the number of observations minus 1 is called the ____.

A)range
B)variance
C)dispersion
D)error

Question 35

Variables that are adjusted for in a research study are called ____.

A)residuals
B)coefficients
C)covariates
D)intercepts

Question 36

​Figure TB 11-3

In the accompanying formula,β3 represents the____.

A)intercept coefficient
B)residual coefficient
C)interaction of factors 1 and 2
D)mean difference for factor 3

Question 37

The degrees of freedom are a function of the ____.

A)alpha level
B)variance
C)means
D)sample size

Question 38

The term in a regression equation that captures the residual in describing each point is the ____ term.

A)error
B)slope
C)β
D)intercept

Question 39

Only one pretest-posttest score pair reflects the treated group in the ____ design.

A)RD
B)RPD
C)NEGD
D)ANCOVA

Question 40

​Figure TB 11-3

The accompanying formula is the regression model for the____.

A)2 x 2 factorial
B)randomized block
C)analysis of covariance
D)regression point displacement

Question 41

Discuss randomized block analysis in terms of regression.

Question 42

A variable that uses discrete numbers,usually 0 and 1,to represent different groups is called a(n)_______________ variable.

Question 43

Researchers have generally adopted the _______________% Confidence Interval as an acceptable boundary for an estimate.

Question 44

A common metric for comparing and integrating results across studies is _______________.

Question 45

Dummy variables are useful because they enable you to use a single regression equation to represent multiple _______________.

Question 46

A(n)_______________ line is a line that describes the relationship between two or more variables.

Question 47

Discuss the four possible outcomes of a study with respect to statistical and practical significance.

Question 48

What are dummy variables and how are they used in the GLM?

Question 49

An analysis that estimates the difference between the groups on the posttest after adjusting for differences on the pretest is _______________.

Question 50

Just as the mean does not accurately represent every value in a distribution,the regression line does not accurately represent every value in the _______________.

Question 51

The error term in the GLM is also called the _______________.

Question 52

Discuss analysis of covariance in terms of regression.

Question 53

The _______________ Model is the foundation for the t-test,Analysis of Variance (ANOVA),Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA),regression analysis,and many of the multivariate methods.

Question 54

The major problem for researchers who use the GLM is _______________.

Question 55

Dummy variables act like _______________.

Question 56

Discuss regression-discontinuity analysis in terms of regression.

Question 57

Any influence on an observed score not related to what you are attempting to measure is referred to as _______________.