Deck 1: Introduction: Matter and Measurement

Question 1

Of the following, only ________ is a chemical reaction.

A)melting of lead
B)dissolving sugar in water
C)tarnishing of silver
D)crushing of stone
E)dropping a penny into a glass of water

Answer 1

tarnishing of silver

Question 2

What is the physical state in which matter has no specific shape but does have a specific volume?

A)gas
B)solid
C)liquid
D)salts
E)ice

Answer 2

liquid

Question 3

The law of constant composition applies to ________.

A)solutions
B)heterogeneous mixtures
C)compounds
D)homogeneous mixtures
E)solids

Answer 3

compounds

Question 4

Which one of the following is an intensive property?

A)mass
B)temperature
C)heat content
D)volume
E)amount

Question 5

An element cannot ________.

A)be part of a heterogeneous mixture
B)be part of a homogeneous mixture
C)be separated into other substances by chemical means
D)interact with other elements to form compounds
E)be a pure substance

Question 6

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical means, it is ________.

A)a compound
B)either an element or a compound
C)a homogeneous mixture
D)a heterogeneous mixture
E)an element

Question 7

Which one of the following is often easily separated into its components by simple techniques such as filtering or decanting?

A)heterogeneous mixture
B)compounds
C)homogeneous mixture
D)elements
E)solutions

Question 8

In the following list, only ________ is not an example of a chemical reaction.

A)dissolution of a penny in nitric acid
B)the condensation of water vapor
C)a burning candle
D)the formation of polyethylene from ethylene
E)the rusting of iron

Question 9

Gases and liquids share the property of ________.

A)compressibility
B)definite volume
C)incompressibility
D)indefinite shape
E)definite shape

Question 10

The law of constant composition says ________.

A)that the composition of a compound is always the same
B)that all substances have the same composition
C)that the composition of an element is always the same
D)that the composition of a homogeneous mixture is always the same
E)that the composition of a heterogeneous mixture is always the same

Question 11

For which of the following can the composition vary?

A)pure substance
B)element
C)both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures
D)homogeneous mixture
E)heterogeneous mixture

Question 12

Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched?

A)S, sodium
B)Tn, tin
C)Fe, iron
D)N, neon
E)B, bromine

Question 13

Of the following, only ________ is an extensive property.

A)density
B)volume
C)boiling point
D)freezing point
E)temperature

Question 14

Which states of matter are significantly compressible?

A)gases only
B)liquids only
C)solids only
D)liquids and gases
E)solids and liquids

Question 15

Homogeneous mixtures are also known as ________.

A)solids
B)compounds
C)elements
D)substances
E)solutions

Question 16

A small amount of salt dissolved in water is an example of a ________.

A)homogeneous mixture
B)heterogeneous mixture
C)compound
D)pure substance
E)solid

Question 17

Which one of the following is not an intensive property?

A)density
B)temperature
C)melting point
D)mass
E)boiling point

Question 18

A combination of sand, salt, and water is an example of a ________.

A)homogeneous mixture
B)heterogeneous mixture
C)compound
D)pure substance
E)solid

Question 19

Which of the following is an illustration of the law of constant composition?

A)Water boils at 100 °C at 1 atm pressure.
B)Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass.
C)Water can be separated into other substances by a chemical process.
D)Water and salt have different boiling points.
E)Water is a compound.

Question 20

Which one of the following elements has a symbol that is not derived from its foreign name?

A)tin
B)aluminum
C)mercury
D)copper
E)lead

Question 21

Acceleration due to gravity of a free-falling object is 9.8 m/s². Express this in millimeters/millisecond².

A)9.8 × 10^-9
B)9.8 × 10³
C)9.8 × 10^-6
D)9.8 × 10⁶
E)9.8 × 10^-3

Question 22

Iron has a density of 7.9 g/cm³. What is the mass of a cube of iron with the length of one side equal to 55.0 mm?

A)2.1 × 10⁴ g
B)4.3 × 10² g
C)1.3 × 10³ g
D)1.4 g
E)2.3 × 10^-2 g

Question 23

You have to calculate the mass of a 30.0 mL liquid sample with density of 1.52 g/mL, but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?

A)If 1 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1.52 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of __________ g.
B)If 1.52 mL of a liquid has the mass of 1 g, then 30.0 mL has the mass of __________ g.

Question 24

Accuracy refers to ________.

A)how close a measured number is to zero
B)how close a measured number is to the calculated value
C)how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
D)how close a measured number is to the true value
E)how close a measured number is to infinity

Question 25

Which of the following has the same number of significant figures as the number 1.00310?

A)1 × 10⁶
B)199.791
C)8.66
D)5.119
E)100

Question 26

Expressing a number in scientific notation ________.

A)changes its value
B)removes ambiguity as to the significant figures
C)removes significant zeros
D)allows to increase the number's precision
E)all of the above

Question 27

Which of the following is (are)the lowest temperature?

A)The freezing point of water
B)5 °C
C)30 °F
D)280 K
E)A and D

Question 28

Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm³. What volume (in cm³)would be occupied by a 21.8 g sample of osmium?

A)0.965
B)1.04
C)493
D)2.03 × 10^-3
E)2.03 × 10³

Question 29

Which calculation clearly shows a conversion between temperatures in degrees Celsius, °C, and temperature in Kelvins, K?

A)K = °C + 273.15
B)K = 273.15 - °C
C)K = [°C - 32] / 1.8
D)K = [°C + 32] × 1.8
E)K = °C

Question 30

A wooden object has a mass of 10.782 g and occupies a volume of 13.72 mL. What is the density of the object determined to an appropriate number of significant figures?

A)8 × 10^-1 g/mL
B)7.9 × 10^-1 g/mL
C)7.86 × 10^-1 g/mL
D)7.859 × 10^-1 g/mL
E)7.8586 × 10^-1 g/mL

Question 31

Which one of the following is the highest temperature?

A)38 °C
B)96 °F
C)302 K
D)none of the above
E)the freezing point of water

Question 32

Precision refers to ________.

A)how close a measured number is to other measured numbers
B)how close a measured number is to the true value
C)how close a measured number is to the calculated value
D)how close a measured number is to zero
E)how close a measured number is to infinity

Question 33

Which of the following are chemical processes? 1. rusting of a nail
2. freezing of water
3. decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
4. compression of oxygen gas

A)2, 3, 4
B)1, 3, 4
C)1, 3
D)1, 2
E)1, 4

Question 34

You have to calculate the volume of a gas sample with mass of 1.000 × 10³ g and density of 1.027 g/L, but you have forgotten the formula. Which way of reasoning would help you in finding the correct mass?

A)If 1.027 g of a gas takes up a volume of 1 L, then 1.000 × 10³ g of the same gas takes up a volume of __________.
B)If 1.027 L of gas has a mass of 1 g, then __________ L has the mass of 1.000 × 10³ g.

Question 35

If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s², how fast will it be moving (in m/s)after 1.50 min? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.)

A)17
B)3.6
C)38
D)2.3 × 10³
E)0.060

Question 36

Of the objects below, ________ is the most dense.

A)an object with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg
B)an object with a volume of 139 mL and a mass of 93 g
C)an object with a volume of 0.00212 m³ and a mass of 4.22 × 10⁴ mg
D)an object with a volume of 3.91 × 10^-24 nm³ and a mass of 7.93 × 10^-1 ng
E)an object with a volume of 13 dm³ and a mass of 1.29 × 10³ g

Question 37

Which one of the following is true about the liter?

A)It is the SI base unit for volume.
B)It is equivalent to a cubic decimeter.
C)It is slightly smaller than a quart.
D)It contains 10⁶ cubic centimeters.
E)It is slightly smaller than a gallon.

Question 38

In the following list, only ________ is not an example of a chemical reaction.

A)burning a plastic water bottle
B)the production of hydrogen gas from water
C)the tarnishing of a copper penny
D)chopping a log into sawdust
E)charging a cellular phone

Question 39

Of the following, ________ is the largest mass.

A)25 kg
B)2.5 × 10^-2 mg
C)2.5 × 10¹⁵ pg
D)2.5 × 10⁹ fg
E)2.5 × 10¹⁰ ng

Question 40

If an object is accelerating at a rate of 25 m/s², how long (in seconds)will it take to reach a speed of 550 m/s? (Assume an initial velocity of zero.)

A)22
B)1.4 × 10⁴
C)0.045
D)1.2 × 10⁴
E)2.3 × 10²

Question 41

The density of a gold nugget is 19.3 g/cm³. If the volume of the gold nugget is 0.00369 L, the mass of the nugget is ________ g.

A)71.2
B)0.191
C)19.3
D)5.23
E)none of the above

Question 42

A concise verbal statement or mathematical equation that summarizes a broad variety of observations and experiences is called a(n)________.

A)law
B)theory
C)hypothesis
D)experiment
E)test

Question 43

The SI unit for mass is ________.

A)kilogram
B)gram
C)pound
D)troy ounce
E)none of the above

Question 44

A separation process that depends on differing abilities of substances to form gases is called ________.

A)filtration
B)solvation
C)distillation
D)chromatography
E)All of the above are correct.

Question 45

How many significant figures should be retained in the result of the following calculation? 12.00000 × 0.9893 + 13.00335 × 0.0107

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)6

Question 46

The length of the side of a cube having a density of 12.6 g/ml and a mass of 7.65 g is ________ cm.

A)3.20
B)0.847
C)1.02
D)0.584
E)1.32

Question 47

________ is the abbreviation for the prefix mega-.

A)k
B)m
C)M
D)n
E)d

Question 48

In which one of the following numbers are all of the zeros significant?

A)100.090090
B)0.143290
C)0.05843
D)0.1000
E)00.0030020

Question 49

Round the number 0.007222 to three significant figures.

A)0.007
B)0.00722
C)0.0072
D)0.00723
E)0.007225

Question 50

Which of the following is not an exact number?

A)the number of seconds in a year
B)the number of millimeters in a kilometer
C)the number of liters in a gallon
D)the number of centimeters in an inch
E)the number of grams in a kilogram

Question 51

The number with the most significant zeros is ________.

A)0.00002510
B)0.02500001
C)250000001
D)2.501 × 10^-7
E)2.5100000

Question 52

The initial or tentative explanation of an observation is called a(n)________.

A)law
B)theory
C)hypothesis
D)experiment
E)test

Question 53

A common English set of units for expressing velocity is miles/hour. The SI unit for velocity is ________.

A)km/hr
B)km/s
C)m/hr
D)m/s
E)cm/s

Question 54

Solids have a ________ shape and are not appreciably ________.

A)definite, compressible
B)definite, incompressible
C)indefinite, compressible
D)indefinite, incompressible
E)sharp, convertible

Question 55

If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical processes, but can be decomposed into other substances by chemical processes, it is called a(n)________.

A)heterogeneous mixture
B)element
C)homogeneous mixture
D)compound
E)mixture of elements

Question 56

________ is the abbreviation for the prefix milli-.

A)k
B)m
C)M
D)n
E)d

Question 57

A one degree of temperature difference is the smallest on the ________ temperature scale.

A)Kelvin
B)Celsius
C)Fahrenheit
D)Kelvin and Celsius
E)Fahrenheit and Celsius

Question 58

One angstrom, symbolized Å, is 10^-10 m. 1 cm³ = ________ ų.

A)10²⁴
B)10^-24
C)10³⁰
D)10^-30
E)10^-9

Question 59

Round the number 3456.5 to two significant figures.

A)3400.0
B)3400
C)3000
D)3500
E)3000.0

Question 60

________ is the chemical symbol for elemental sodium.

A)S
B)W
C)So
D)Na
E)Sn

Question 61

45 m/s = ________ km/hr

A)2.7
B)0.045
C)1.6 × 10²
D)2.7 × 10³
E)1.6 × 10⁵

Question 62

A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm³. 1340 g of this liquid would occupy a volume of ________ L.

A)1.99 × 10^-3
B)50.2
C)3.58
D)35.8
E)0.502

Question 63

Osmium has a density of 22.6 g/cm³. The mass of a block of osmium that measures 1.01 cm × 0.233 cm × 0.648 cm is ________ g.

A)6.75 × 10^-3
B)3.45
C)148
D)6.75 × 10³
E)34.5

Question 64

A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm³. 30.5 mL of this liquid would have a mass of ________ Kg.

A)81.4
B)11.4
C)0.0875
D)0.0814
E)0.0114

Question 65

"Absolute zero" refers to ________.

A)0 Kelvin
B)0° Fahrenheit
C)0° Celsius
D)°C + 9/5(°F - 32)
E)273.15 °C

Question 66

The freezing point of water at 1 atm pressure is ________.

A)0 °F
B)0 K
C)0 °C
D)-273 °C
E)-32 °F

Question 67

The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures)to the following is ________. 6.3 × 3.25 = ________

A)20.
B)20.475
C)20.48
D)20.5
E)21

Question 68

1 nanometer = ________ picometers

A)1000
B)0.1
C)0.01
D)1
E)10

Question 69

The unit of force in the English measurement system is . The SI unit of force is the Newton, which is ________ in base SI units.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 70

The SI unit of temperature is ________.

A)K
B)°C
C)°F
D)t
E)T

Question 71

The density (in g/cm³)of a gold nugget that has a volume of 1.68 cm³ and a mass of 32.4 g is ________.

A)0.0519
B)19.3
C)54.4
D)0.0184
E)32.4

Question 72

The correct answer (reported to the proper number of significant figures)to the following is ________. (2.05631)(6.9391136)/ 12.59326 = ________

A)1.1330639
B)1.13306
C)1.133064
D)1.1361
E)none of the above

Question 73

One side of a cube measures 1.55 m. The volume of this cube is ________ cm³.

A)2.40 × 10⁴
B)3.72 × 10⁶
C)2.40
D)3.72
E)155

Question 74

If an object, beginning at rest, is moving at a speed of 700 m/s after 2.75 min, its rate of acceleration (in m/s²)is ________. (Assume that the rate of acceleration is constant.)

A)1.16 × 10⁵
B)255
C)193
D)4.24
E)1.53 × 10⁴

Question 75

A temperature of ________ K is the same as 63 °F.

A)17
B)276
C)290
D)29
E)336

Question 76

1 kilogram = ________ milligrams

A)1 × 10^-6
B)1,000
C)10,000
D)1,000,000
E)none of the above

Question 77

The length of the side of a cube (in cm)having a volume of 44.4 L is ________.

A)875
B)35.4
C)6.66
D)66.6
E)0.354

Question 78

1 picometer = ________ centimeters

A)1 × 10¹⁰
B)1 × 10^-10
C)1 × 10⁸
D)1 × 10^-8
E)1 × 10^-12

Question 79

Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity. The SI unit for momentum is ________.

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 80

3.337 g/cm³ = ________ kg/m³

A)3.337 × 10^-9
B)3.337 × 10^-5
C)3337
D)0.3337
E)333.7