Deck 10: Individuals With Speech and Language Impairments

Question 1

A child with normal hearing who has difficulty paying attention while listening, paying attention to the teacher when background noise is in the classroom, remembering information presented orally, and discriminating between similar sounding words may be demonstrating

A)a syntactic disorder.
B)aphasia.
C)apraxia of speech.
D)a central auditory processing disorder.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A student with aphasia exhibits

A)additions of speech sounds in words (e.g., likes for like).
B)breathiness.
C)an impairment of language function.
D)an inability to position speech muscles to produce speech sounds.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A 12- year old student that says "I-I-I-I want i-i-i-ice c-c-c-cream" is exhibiting

A)a voice disorder.
B)cluttering.
C)apraxia of speech.
D)a fluency disorder.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Why might a family consult with a genetic counselor?

A)They have two children with acquired communication disorders.
B)Their preschool child has a developmental language delay.
C)Their child was born prematurely.
D)They have more than one child with a congenital communication disorder.

Question 5

A 7-year-old boy with a speech impairment makes the following statement to his mother. "I hur my han when I wan into the fence." The boy was attempting to say "I hurt my hand when I ran into the fence." This child is demonstrating the speech production errors of

A)addition and substitution.
B)addition and omission.
C)substitution and distortion.
D)substitution and omission.

Question 6

A child says, "That apple is weally wed." The child is having difficulty with what component of language?

A)Semantics
B)Phonology
C)Pragmatics
D)Syntax

Question 7

The label used by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (PL 108-446) for a student's difficulty with communication is

A)speech and language impairment.
B)communication disorder.
C)speech and language delay.
D)communication impairment.

Question 8

The characteristic(s) of a phonation disorder include(s)

A)too little or too much air passing through the nasal passage.
B)hoarseness, breathiness, and huskiness.
C)an inability to make intelligible speech sounds.
D)a disruption in the fluency of speech.

Question 9

A student who says "I saw the mouses run out of the hole." is having difficulty with what component of language?

A)Semantics
B)Phonology
C)Pragmatics
D)Morphology

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT associated with stuttering?

A)More males than females stutter.
B)Children who are twins are more likely stutter.
C)Stuttering has been linked to psychological trauma.
D)Stuttering is the most common fluency disorder.

Question 11

A father feeds his child green beans for lunch. After taking a bite, the child frowns, spits the beans out, and pushes the next spoonful of beans away. This child

A)is using morphological rules.
B)is using nonlinguistic communication behaviors.
C)is experiencing message distortion.
D)is interpreting a communication message.

Question 12

Ariel approaches another group of children who are talking about the baseball game. She stands very close to the children, gets close to their faces and says "I have two cats at my house." The children acknowledge her, back away a bit, and continue the conversation about the ballgame. Ariel interrupts again, moves closer to the children and says, "My Siamese cat and my Persian cat belong to me, not my brother." In what component of language does Ariel most likely have a deficit?

A)Syntax
B)Morphology
C)Pragmatics
D)Semantics

Question 13

Approximately what percentage of preschoolers (i.e., 3-, 4-, and 5-year-olds) receiving special education have a speech and language disorder?

A)10%
B)30%
C)50%
D)75%

Question 14

Alexander comes to school on the first day and speaks to the teacher, Ms. Milan. She thinks he sounds like he is holding his nose when he speaks. Ms. Milan alerts the speech-language pathologist who says the student may have

A)vocal nodules.
B)a phonation disorder.
C)hyponasality.
D)hypernasality.

Question 15

A child who was in a car accident and received head trauma developed a speech and language problem following the accident. How would the etiology of this child's communication disorder be classified?

A)Aphasic
B)Developmental
C)Congenital
D)Acquired

Question 16

The component of language that deals with rules of putting words together to form phrases and sentences is called

A)morphology
B)phonology
C)pragmatics
D)syntax

Question 17

A child with a severe articulation disorder

A)has speech that cannot be understood most of the time by most people.
B)has speech that cannot be understood except by family members.
C)can produce sounds but only pronounces them correctly some of the time.
D)can produce sounds but only pronounces them correctly when s/he thinks s/he is alone.

Question 18

All sounds in the English language are mastered by children by the time they reach

A)6 years of age
B)7 years of age
C)8 years of age
D)9 years of age

Question 19

A mild to moderate speech and language disorder

A)is so subtle that it usually effects students' lives inconsequentially.
B)is experienced only by a small percentage of students.
C)most often occurs secondary to pervasive cognitive disabilities.
D)may have a profound effect on all aspects of a student's life.

Question 20

A child who can tell their first name, hold up fingers to indicate their age, answer "where" questions, and use short sentences like "Me want milk" is demonstrating the developmental milestones of a typically developing

A)1-year -old
B)2-year-old
C)3-year-old
D)4-year-old

Question 21

A cleft palate is an example of which etiological classification?

A)Functional
B)Phonological
C)Organic
D)Traumatic

Question 22

A low-tech augmentative or alternative communication device

A)is nonelectronic.
B)uses four symbols or less.
C)is equipped with voice output capabilities.
D)uses concrete choices.

Question 23

By kindergarten, most children have a vocabulary of how many words?

A)2,000
B)500
C)1,000
D)4,000

Question 24

Language form comprises all of the following elements, EXCEPT:

A)Syntax
B)Phonology
C)Semantics
D)Morphology

Question 25

If a child's screening assessment determines that there is a possibility of a communication disability, the next step in the assessment process is to

A)make a referral.
B)conduct a second screening.
C)determine eligibility.
D)plan the child's program.

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT an example of nonlinguistic communication?

A)Rolling your eyes
B)Keyboarding
C)Nodding your head
D)Gesturing

Question 27

Most students with speech and language impairments are served in

A)general education classrooms.
B)special classes targeted for students with speech/language impairments.
C)resource rooms.
D)speech therapy classrooms.

Question 28

Which of the following scenarios is an example of a student demonstrating receptive language?

A)The teacher tells Bob to go get a marker and bring it to her. Bob gets the marker and takes it to the teacher.
B)Bob holds up a marker and says to the teacher, "I have a marker."
C)The teacher tells Bob to go get a marker and bring it to her. Bob walks to the sink.
D)Bob holds up a marker and says to the teacher, "Me marker."

Question 29

Which of the following would NOT be a characteristic of an expressive language disorder?

A)Difficulty formulating questions
B)Difficulty following oral directions
C)Difficulty with correct grammar usage
D)Difficulty developing vocabulary

Question 30

All of the following are characteristics of children that have receptive language problems, EXCEPT:

A)Problems with vocabulary
B)Problems following directions
C)Problems understanding figurative language
D)Problems responding to questions appropriately

Question 31

All of the following are organs that are used in the production of speech, EXCEPT:

A)Amygdala
B)Epiglotis
C)Uvula
D)Frenum

Question 32

Which of the following is an example of an articulation disorder?

A)Phonation
B)Resonance
C)Stuttering
D)Distortions

Question 33

Children with speech and language impairments that are second language learners are difficult to identify because

A)parents are reluctant to have their children tested.
B)reliable and valid tests used for identification are limited.
C)in order to be valid, tests must be conducted in the child's second language.
D)communication behaviors emerge at different ages in different cultures.

Question 34

What is an appropriate educational strategy to use if a teacher wants to develop functional language skills for a student with central auditory processing disorder?

A)Do auditory discrimination exercises (the student identifies the difference between words like these and please)
B)Have the student repeat oral directions after the teacher gives them
C)Have the student practice repeating sounds heard in a sequence
D)Have the student locate a sound the teacher makes in a room

Question 35

"A rule based method of communication", best sums up the definition of which of the following terms?

A)Speech
B)Communication
C)Language
D)Phonology

Question 36

When conducting an assessment of a student's speech and language, which of the following is conducted using a formal measure?

A)Observation of pre-linguistic behaviors
B)Conversational language sample
C)Articulation test
D)Parent interview

Question 37

Early intervention with young children with speech and language impairments is critical because

A)the younger the child, the more successful the outcomes of the intervention.
B)some interventions have been shown to be effective only with children younger than 5 years of age.
C)young children need intensive interventions in self-contained settings.
D)federal legislation mandates young children receive early intervention services by a speech-language pathologist.

Question 38

A student with a significant deficit in speech production would have which type of disorder?

A)Phonological
B)Voice
C)Semantic
D)Syntactical

Question 39

At what age, typically, can a child tell a story?

A)5-6
B)8-9
C)1-2
D)3-4

Question 40

Some of the earliest sounds to emerge in young children's speech include:

A)zh, v, z, s
B)k, g, d, t,
C)p, m, h, n, w
D)ng, f, y, r, l

Question 41

Language and communication are synonymous terms.

Question 42

Aphasia is ________.

A)impairment in positioning the speech muscles.
B)inability to hear speech sounds.
C)errors in the production of speech sounds.
D)loss or impairment of language function.

Question 43

A speech and language problems resulting from a child contracting meningitis is an example of a(n) _______ communication disorder.

A)preventable
B)developmental
C)congenital
D)acquired

Question 44

Care must be taken that normative data account for individual and cultural differences that affect language acquisition. One way to do this is through a language sample. This type of assessment can be described as which one of the following:

A)Formal
B)Evaluative
C)Critical
D)Informal

Question 45

The ____________ of language includes the rules governing how words are formed from meaningful units.

A)syntax
B)phonology
C)morphology
D)semantics

Question 46

A speech-language pathologist's use of formal assessment measures is the primary means for identifying students with speech and language impairments.

Question 47

Articulation disorders include all of the following except:

A)Substitutions
B)Repetitions
C)Omissions
D)Additions

Question 48

Sign Language and communication boards are examples of

A)Augmentative communication devices
B)Alternative communication devices
C)AAC
D)All of the above

Question 49

Children with central auditory processing disorder have difficulty paying attention to a speaker when there is background noise in the room, but usually have normal hearing.

Question 50

Prelinguistic skills in young children develop differently based on the child's culture.

Question 51

Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics are components of

A)Speech
B)Communication
C)Language
D)Syntax

Question 52

Most young children who do not speak fluently will develop stuttering as they mature.

Question 53

The three basic types of speech impairments are _______, _______, and _______.

A)articulation disorders, voice disorders, fluency disorders.
B)aphasia, apraxia, articulation.
C)resonance, phonation, nasality
D)central auditory processing disorder, developmental delay, receptive disorder

Question 54

Speech has an expressive and receptive component.

Question 55

Speech is the most complex mode for expression of language.

Question 56

___________ is the exchange of ideas, information, thoughts, and feelings

A)Speech
B)Vocabulary
C)Communication
D)Language

Question 57

A child has a vocabulary of approximately 1,000 words around __________ years of age

A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5

Question 58

IDEA 2004 mandates that professionals must seek information from the parents and include it in the assessment process.

Question 59

Students with expressive language problems may have difficulty ________.

A)producing age appropriate vocabulary
B)following oral directions
C)speaking clearly
D)understanding humor

Question 60

Sign language is an alternative or augmentative communication.

Question 61

Intervention for young children with speech and language impairments should begin when a child enters kindergarten.

Question 62

Differentiate between receptive and expressive language.

Question 63

Speech is the oral modality for language

Question 64

Name three activities you would recommend for parents of a child up to one year of age to stimulate their child's language development.

Question 65

It is estimated that one in ten persons in the united States has a speech and language disorder of one type or another

Question 66

Speech and language impairments represent a high-incidence disability. According to the text, this means that most children, receiving a special education, have a speech or language impairment.

Question 67

Name two informal measures that professionals may use when conducting an assessment of a student with a suspected speech or language impairment.

Question 68

Stuttering and cluttering are examples of language disorders

Question 69

Why it important for families of students with to be involved in interventions of young children with speech or language impairments?

Question 70

Provide an example of a beginning activity that could be used with a child using a communication board.

Question 71

One of the most important tools in the assessment process for speech and language impairments is the case history.

Question 72

Childhood aphasia is an example of a congenital impairment

Question 73

Severe communication and language disabilities are most likely to occur secondary to pervasive cognitive, neurological, or physical disabilities.

Question 74

Speech and language development begins in the womb

Question 75

Effective use of language is imperative for children to be able to read, write and understand perceptions of those around them.

Question 76

What is the single most important element of language intervention when a child is in a general education preschool setting?

Question 77

Briefly define a voice disorder and give two characteristics that may occur in persons with voice disorders.

Question 78

Why is it important for professionals to be aware of basic developmental milestones for speech and language?

Question 79

Etiologies of speech or language impairments can be classified in two broad categories. Name the categories and provide a brief definition of each.

Question 80

What is communication?