Deck 4: The Nervous System: Introduction to Cells and Systems

Question 1

Which of the following statements does not apply to dendrites?

A)They can be highly branched.
B)They can have spines.
C)They are the main output element of the neuron.
D)One neuron can have many dendrites.
E)They are the main target for inputs to the neuron

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which statement is incorrect?

A)White matter appears white because myelin refracts light.
B)Gray matter consists of dense aggregations of neurons.
C)White matter consists of dense aggregations of axons.
D)Tracts and pathways consist of long columns of neuronal cell bodies.
E)Motor neurons have axons that leave the CNS.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Astrocytes help maintain the central nervous system (CNS)extracellular milieu by:

A)Taking up and redistributing excess K⁺ and other ions.
B)Wrapping extensions of their cytoplasm around axons.
C)Phagocytosing damaged CNS neurons.
D)Lining the ventricular surface of the CNS.
E)Differentiating into neurons in response to injury.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following statements does not apply to axons?

A)Typically there is one axon per neuron.
B)Axons lack rough endoplasmic reticulum,free ribosomes,and a Golgi apparatus.
C)They conduct action potentials away from the cell body.
D)They are the main output element of the neuron.
E)They can transport material only from the cell body to the axon terminal.

Question 5

After damage to the axon of a cell,the following sequence (A to E)occurs in the peripheral nervous system (PNS).However,in the CNS,the last step is usually:

A)Degeneration of the distal axon.
B)Chromatolysis in the cell body.
C)Sprouting of new branches.
D)Axon regrowth along the original pathway.
E)Reinnervation of the target.

Question 6

In a case of hydrocephalus due to blockage of the cerebral aqueduct,which ventricles are distended?

A)Lateral ventricles only
B)Third ventricle only
C)Lateral and third ventricles
D)Fourth ventricle only
E)Third and fourth ventricles